Learn about the history of containers, Docker, and Kubernetes from expert Phil Estes. They discuss the intertwined relationship between Docker, containerd, and Kubernetes, the importance of open source, and the security differences between containers and micro VMs.
Understanding the history and evolution of containers, particularly containerd, is crucial for developers.
Shims like Catacontainers and GVisor can extend the capabilities of containerD for different types of isolation and runtime environments.
The Open Container Initiative and Cloud Native Computing Foundation play important roles in creating standards and fostering collaboration in the container ecosystem.
Deep dives
The history and evolution of containers
Phil Estates discusses the origins of containers, highlighting the role of Docker and the split into containerD and runC. He emphasizes the importance of understanding the security boundaries of containers and the progress made in micro VM isolation with technologies like Catacontainers and Firecracker.
The modularity and composability of containerD
ContainerD is described as a modular runtime system with an API that allows developers to only use the specific components they need. Phil explains how shims, such as the ones for Wasm, Catacontainers, and GVisor, can be used to extend the capabilities of containerD and provide different types of isolation and runtime environments.
The role of the OCI and CNCF in standardizing containers
The Open Container Initiative (OCI) and Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) are highlighted as important organizations in the container ecosystem. Phil discusses the importance of these foundations in creating common standards and providing a vendor-neutral space for collaboration and innovation.
The challenges and considerations in container security
The conversation delves into the challenges and considerations in container security, including the perception that containers do not provide strong isolation compared to virtual machines. Phil explores the use of micro VMs and the potential benefits of technologies like Wasm for enhancing security in containerized environments.
The future of containers and the containerD ecosystem
The discussion concludes with a look into the future of container technology and the containerD ecosystem. Phil touches on the ongoing developments and the evolving landscape of container runtimes, highlighting the flexibility and adaptability of containerD to meet the changing needs of the industry.