Player of Games: All the games, one algorithm! (w/ author Martin Schmid)

#playerofgames #deepmind #alphazero

Special Guest: First author Martin Schmid (https://twitter.com/Lifrordi)

Games have been used throughout research as testbeds for AI algorithms, such as reinforcement learning agents. However, different types of games usually require different solution approaches, such as AlphaZero for Go or Chess, and Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) for Poker. Player of Games bridges this gap between perfect and imperfect information games and delivers a single algorithm that uses tree search over public information states, and is trained via self-play. The resulting algorithm can play Go, Chess, Poker, Scotland Yard, and many more games, as well as non-game environments.

OUTLINE:

0:00 - Introduction

2:50 - What games can Player of Games be trained on?

4:00 - Tree search algorithms (AlphaZero)

8:00 - What is different in imperfect information games?

15:40 - Counterfactual Value- and Policy-Networks

18:50 - The Player of Games search procedure

28:30 - How to train the network?

34:40 - Experimental Results

47:20 - Discussion & Outlook

Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.03178

Abstract:

Games have a long history of serving as a benchmark for progress in artificial intelligence. Recently, approaches using search and learning have shown strong performance across a set of perfect information games, and approaches using game-theoretic reasoning and learning have shown strong performance for specific imperfect information poker variants. We introduce Player of Games, a general-purpose algorithm that unifies previous approaches, combining guided search, self-play learning, and game-theoretic reasoning. Player of Games is the first algorithm to achieve strong empirical performance in large perfect and imperfect information games -- an important step towards truly general algorithms for arbitrary environments. We prove that Player of Games is sound, converging to perfect play as available computation time and approximation capacity increases. Player of Games reaches strong performance in chess and Go, beats the strongest openly available agent in heads-up no-limit Texas hold'em poker (Slumbot), and defeats the state-of-the-art agent in Scotland Yard, an imperfect information game that illustrates the value of guided search, learning, and game-theoretic reasoning.

Authors: Martin Schmid, Matej Moravcik, Neil Burch, Rudolf Kadlec, Josh Davidson, Kevin Waugh, Nolan Bard, Finbarr Timbers, Marc Lanctot, Zach Holland, Elnaz Davoodi, Alden Christianson, Michael Bowling

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