CC013: Is Pascal's Wager Sound? with Dr. Michael Rota (Part 2)
Nov 26, 2018
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Dr. Michael Rota, a philosopher known for his expertise in religious arguments, dives deep into the implications of Pascal's Wager. He unpacks the philosophical aspects of theism, discussing arguments like the fine-tuning of the universe and the role of divine morality versus naturalism. Rota critiques multiverse theories, suggesting they fall short of addressing life's complexities. He also explores the psychological resistance to faith and the ethical weight of religious commitment, urging listeners to seek truth in their beliefs.
Objective moral truths challenge naturalistic worldviews, suggesting that a theistic perspective is necessary for genuine moral knowledge.
The fine-tuning argument and multiverse objection both imply intentional design, reinforcing that a creator's existence is the more plausible explanation.
Deep dives
Moral Knowledge and Epistemic Trust
The discussion emphasizes the argument for moral knowledge as evidence against a purely naturalistic worldview. It highlights the significance of objective moral truths, such as the inherent wrongness of torture, and questions how such knowledge arises if humanity is merely a product of evolutionary processes. This raises concerns about 'epistemic luck,' which suggests that if moral beliefs are solely the result of chance, they lack credibility. Therefore, a theistic perspective, which posits that God created humans with a purpose and moral communication, appears to provide a stronger foundation for genuine moral knowledge.
Fine-Tuning and Creation
The fine-tuning argument asserts that the universe contains numerous precisely calibrated parameters necessary for life, indicating intentional design rather than random occurrence. Key examples include the cosmological constant and gravitational forces, which must be finely balanced for stars and, consequently, life to exist. The improbability of these conditions arising by chance is likened to the astounding odds of being dealt multiple royal flushes in poker, suggesting that a coincidence explanation is insufficient. Thus, the existence of a designer who intentionally created a life-permitting universe becomes a more plausible interpretation.
Responses to the Multiverse Hypothesis
The multiverse objection presents the idea that if countless universes exist, some may permit life, thus challenging the necessity of a designer. However, the response articulates that even if a multiverse were real, it would still imply a designer because the distribution of life-permitting universes would likely favor a theistic interpretation. By analyzing the likelihood of encountering life-permitting conditions across various models, the favored multiverse theory aligns with a creator's intention, while an atheistic multiverse would leave observers surprised at their existence. This highlights that regardless of whether the multiverse concept holds, evidence still supports a notion of intelligent design.