Finding Pluto’s Potential Replacement with a Giant New Telescope
Jan 10, 2025
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Clara Moskowitz, Senior Editor for Space and Physics at Scientific American, discusses the intriguing possibility of finding a true Planet Nine lurking in the outer solar system. She delves into Pluto's controversial reclassification and what that means for celestial research. The conversation takes a fascinating turn as she highlights the Vera Rubin Observatory's potential to unlock cosmic mysteries. With evidence from unusual orbits and the exciting implications of dark matter, this chat combines science with a hint of humor on the ongoing Pluto debate.
The speculative existence of Planet Nine is supported by the unusual orbits of distant celestial objects that may indicate its gravitational influence.
The upcoming Vera Rubin Observatory, with its advanced technology, aims to significantly enhance our understanding of the outer solar system and potentially uncover Planet Nine.
Deep dives
Exploring the Hypothetical Planet Nine
Planet Nine is a proposed celestial body that may exist in our solar system, potentially between five and ten times the size of Earth. Despite being only recently acknowledged within astronomical discussions, this idea stems from odd observations of trans-Neptunian objects, which exhibit unusual orbits that do not conform to the established patterns seen with the eight recognized planets. The discovery of Eris, a large object similar to Pluto, in 2005 triggered debates about the criteria for planetary classification, leading to Pluto's reclassification as a dwarf planet. The quest for Planet Nine underscores our ongoing search to understand what might be lurking beyond our current celestial map.
The Evidence Supporting Planet Nine
The existence of Planet Nine is suggested by the peculiar orbits of certain distant celestial objects, known as extreme trans-Neptunian objects, which are on elongated paths and have tilted trajectories unlike the conventional orbital plane of the eight planets. Scientists theorize that a large, unseen planet could be influencing these objects' movements through its gravitational pull. This hypothesis gained traction as astronomers documented more objects with similar orbital behaviors, indicating that something substantial may be affecting their orbits. However, alternative explanations, such as the possibility of these objects being outliers or influenced by a passing star or rogue planet, remain in play.
The Role of the Vera Rubin Observatory
The Vera Rubin Observatory, set to begin operations, is poised to revolutionize our understanding of the outer solar system and the search for Planet Nine. Equipped with the largest camera of its kind, the observatory will scan the southern sky frequently to create detailed maps that may reveal previously undetected celestial objects. By identifying movements in these maps, scientists can determine whether the orbits of new discoveries align with the patterns suggesting a large, unseen influence. Regardless of whether Planet Nine is ultimately confirmed, the observatory will enhance our knowledge of the cosmos, including the study of dark matter and the tracking of potentially hazardous asteroids.
Pluto was unseated as our solar system’s ninth planet in 2006. Since then astronomers have found signs that a real ninth planet could be hiding at the edges of our solar system. Clara Moskowitz, senior editor for space and physics, explains how the forthcoming Vera Rubin Observatory could give researchers a way to find the real Planet Nine—if it’s out there.
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Science Quickly is produced by Rachel Feltman, Fonda Mwangi, Kelso Harper, Madison Goldberg and Jeff DelViscio. This episode was hosted by Rachel Feltman with guest Clara Moskowitz, senior editor for space and physics. Our show is edited by Madison Goldberg with fact-checking by Emily Makowski, Shayna Posses and Aaron Shattuck. The theme music was composed by Dominic Smith.