The podcast discusses the 1952 US election, the introduction of technology like television and computers, the invention of targeted political ads, the power of unique selling propositions in advertising, the selling of an inadequate ticket, and the impact of consumerism on politics.
Television advertising and targeted ad spots played a significant role in the 1952 election, pioneering the use of short, resonant messages that influenced future campaign strategies.
The UNIVAC computer's flawed predictions and manipulation of data during the 1952 election raised concerns about the influence of targeted advertising on democratic processes and the challenge of maintaining substantive political discourse in a consumer-oriented political landscape.
Deep dives
Television advertising and the rise of targeted political ads
The 1952 election introduced television advertising to politics, with Rosser Reeves pioneering the use of short, targeted ad spots for Eisenhower's campaign. Reeves believed in the unique selling proposition (USP), condensing campaign messages into simple propositions that would resonate with voters.
The UNIVAC's role and mispredictions on election night
CBS collaborated with Remington Rand's UNIVAC computer to provide election predictions, but technical difficulties and human error caused delays and mispredictions. Suppressing an early accurate prediction, Remington Rand attempted to manipulate data to produce a more believable outcome. The machine's final prediction was delayed and incorrect, undermining its effectiveness.
Eisenhower's victory and the impact on U.S. elections
Despite the UNIVAC's flaws, the election resulted in an Eisenhower landslide win, with television advertising playing a significant role. Eisenhower's use of short ad spots resonated with viewers and influenced future campaign strategies. The election marked a shift toward consumer-oriented politics, raising concerns about the influence of targeted advertising on democratic processes.
Adlai Stevenson's failed campaign against the rise of TV advertising
Adlai Stevenson's campaign took a different approach, emphasizing honesty and complex policy discussions. However, Stevenson struggled to connect with voters through television, which favored simple and memorable messages. Stevenson's defeat highlighted the dominance of television advertising and the challenge of maintaining substantive political discourse.
The election of 1952 brought all kinds of new technology into the political sphere. The Eisenhower campaign experimented with the first television ads to feature an American presidential candidate. And on election night, CBS News premiered the first computer to predict an American election — the UNIVAC. Safe to say, that part didn’t go according to plan. But election night 1952 is ground zero for our current, political post-truth moment. If a computer and a targeted advertisement can both use heaps data to predict every citizen’s every decision, can voters really know things for themselves after all?