Emergency Medicine Board Bombs
207. Frostbite & chill?
Jan 8, 2024
In this episode, the hosts discuss frostbite, its different degrees, initial management options, and prognostic indicators. They also explore various aspects related to the face, including fascinating insights. The importance of addressing core body temperature and rewarming the entire body in frostbite cases is emphasized, along with discussions on imaging, antibiotics, surgical management, and treatment recommendations.
17:32
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Quick takeaways
- Frostbite is classified into four stages: first degree, second degree, third degree, and fourth degree, with consistent treatment involving rapid and gentle re-warming of the affected area.
- Assessment of frostbite involves evaluating color changes, presence of blisters, and prognostic indicators such as normal skin color and sensation, with non-blanching cyanosis and hard, non-deforming skin indicating poor prognosis.
Deep dives
Frostbite and its Stages
Frostbite is a freezing injury that occurs when tissues are exposed to temperatures below their freezing point, leading to ice crystal formation, cellular lysis, and microvascular occlusion. Frostbite is classified into four stages: first degree (numbness, erythema, edema), second degree (clear blisters, erythema, edema), third degree (hemorrhagic blisters, deep numbness), and fourth degree (necrosis, gangrene). Despite the staging, the treatment for frostbite remains consistent: rapid and gentle re-warming of the affected area with consistent warm water between 37 to 39 degrees Celsius.
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