Weston Sager joins RFK Jr to discuss the CIA's use of propaganda, including the historical connections between the agency and US state media, covert funding tactics, and the implications of the Smith-Mundy Act. They delve into the messaging strategies of government-funded media outlets like Voice of America, raising concerns about press freedom and government manipulation of news sites.
US government used propaganda during wars to influence public opinion, including censorship of free press.
Smith-Mundt Act regulated US state media to prevent targeting American citizens, lifted in 2013 for counter-terrorism efforts.
Deep dives
History of Modern Propaganda: World War I and World War II State Media Efforts
During World War I, the Wilson administration established the Committee on Public Information to saturate the American market with US state media to garner support for the war. This state media agency faced criticism for potentially peddling false information and censoring the free press. In World War II, FDR's Office of War Information and Voice of America utilized radio, collaboration with networks, and Hollywood to produce propaganda for both domestic and foreign audiences, emphasizing support for the war effort.
Smith-Mundt Act and US State Media Evolution
Following World War II, concerns arose about the effectiveness of Soviet propaganda and the Smith-Mundt Act of 1948 was passed to establish a peacetime international state media network. A ban on domestic dissemination of US state media was debated, leading to a 1972 permanent ban. A 1985 legislation further restricted US state media from targeting or reaching American citizens. However, the ban was lifted in 2013 amidst concerns over enforcement and to combat domestic terrorism.
Controversies and Reforms: Politics within US State Media
Recent controversies include the USA Agency for Global Media (USAGM) targeting Americans with ads, violating the Smith-Mundt Act. Under the Trump administration, a push for more control led to politicization concerns, resulting in CEO Michael Pack's appointment and subsequent removal by President Biden. Despite reforms, the US state media outlets, like Voice of America and Radio Free Europe, still face transparency issues and public perception challenges regarding their government affiliation and messaging.