Exploring the decrease in gun violence in America's urban centers, the drop in murder rates in America, the connection between democracy and economic prosperity, the relationship between economic growth and political reform in young democracies, and the influence of hobby lobbies in British politics.
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Quick takeaways
Gun violence rates in American cities, including neighborhoods like Chicago's Roseland, have been decreasing due to violence prevention efforts and community outreach.
Democratic institutions promote economic prosperity, although the transition from dictatorships to democracies can be challenging and costly with a potential loss of approximately 20% of GDP per person in the 25 years following the transition.
Deep dives
Falling Gun Violence Rates in Chicago and Across America
Gun violence rates, particularly in neighborhoods like Chicago's Roseland, have been on the decline this year compared to previous years. Violence interruption groups, such as Chicago Cred, attribute this decline to their efforts in community outreach and violence prevention. Similarly, organizations like the Council on Criminal Justice have reported a drop in homicide rates in major US cities, with cities like Minneapolis and Milwaukee experiencing significant decreases. While the exact reasons for this decline are still unclear, experts suggest that the end of the pandemic and the reopening of schools and social services may have contributed to the decrease in violence.
The Relationship Between Democracy and Economic Prosperity
There is a long-standing belief that democratic institutions are beneficial for economic growth. While it is not true that all democracies are wealthy, there is evidence to suggest that the institutions built by democracies, such as trustworthy governments and reliable legal systems, promote economic prosperity. Research by economists has shown that countries transitioning from dictatorships to democracies experience a significant boost in their GDP over the long term. However, the transition period is often challenging and costly, with countries losing approximately 20% of their GDP per person in the 25 years following the transition. Despite the complexities and uncertainties surrounding the relationship between democracy and economic growth, the consensus remains that democratic institutions play a vital role in fostering prosperity.
The Influence of Hobby Lobbies on Politics
Hobby lobbies, such as grouse shooters, wild swimmers, and classic car enthusiasts, have considerable influence on political decisions in the UK. These passionate hobbyists, although relatively small in number, often have a disproportionate impact due to their fervent dedication to their interests and their willingness to mobilize politically. Politicians tend to be cautious when dealing with hobby lobbies, as they can generate extensive support, write letters, and campaign against any changes that may affect their pastimes. This leads politicians to avoid measures that might alienate hobbyists. Examples include exemptions for certain hobbies from tax regulations or specific regulations favoring the interests of hobbyists. The power of hobby lobbies in shaping policy decisions demonstrates the influence of niche interests in the political landscape.
The absolute numbers remain troubling but a close look at statistics reveals that, across American cities, fewer people are being killed. That democracy is good for a country’s economy is taken as orthodoxy—but given the time and costs to make the transition, the reality is a bit more complicated (09:38). And why Britain’s government is in hock to the country’s hobbyists (15:38).
For full access to print, digital and audio editions of The Economist, try a free 30-day digital subscription by going to www.economist.com/intelligenceoffer
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