This podcast explores the life of Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas, also known as Bosie, who played a role in bringing Oscar Wilde to ruin. The hosts discuss his controversial family background, the laws surrounding homosexuality at the time, and the troubled relationship between Bosie and Wilde. They also delve into the concept of Uranian poetry and the potential link between radical writers and fascist politics.
Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas, aka Bosie, had a complex life, from his controversial relationships to his involvement in publishing and politics.
The public discussion around homosexuality during Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas and Oscar Wilde's time reflected fears of corruption and espionage, leading to trials that had wider societal impacts and eventually influenced the liberalization of laws surrounding homosexuality.
Deep dives
Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas: From Aristocracy to Controversy
Born into an aristocratic family, Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas, also known as Bosey, was the son of the ninth Marquess of Queensbury. Unlike the refined Victorian idea of British aristocracy, he was a bully, an outspoken atheist, and an aggressive pugilist. His family was marked by mental illness and controversy. Bosey became known for his multiple affairs and divorces. Despite his family's notorious reputation, he was part of the public conversation, especially due to his relationship with Oscar Wilde, the famous writer. The era was marked by changing laws around homosexuality, and Bosey subscribed to the Uranian poetry movement, which viewed homosexuality as a third gender. He defended his relationships and criticized the law's interference. However, later in life, he converted to Catholicism and became increasingly homophobic, turning against Wilde's memory and associating with far-right politics. Bosey's life took a downturn as he faced imprisonment for his controversial views and died in relative obscurity.
Homosexuality, Law, and Society at the Time
At the time of Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas and Oscar Wilde, homosexuality faced legal barriers and societal disapproval. Laws regarding homosexuality in the UK evolved from the Buggery Act of 1533 to the Offences against the Person Act of 1861, which criminalized non-anal sex acts under gross indecency. These laws had consequences for Wilde's trial and his subsequent conviction for gross indecency, which led to his imprisonment and bankruptcy. The public discussion around homosexuality during this time reflected fears of corruption and espionage, exemplified by the infamous Billing Trial. The trial accused Wilde and others of being part of a German conspiracy related to homosexuality, introducing anti-Semitic and anti-gay sentiments to the public conversation. These trials and scandals had wider societal impacts and, in some cases, even contributed to the eventual liberalization of laws surrounding homosexuality.
The Relationship between Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas and Oscar Wilde
Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas and Oscar Wilde's relationship was fraught with challenges. Bosey initially met Wilde when he was 21 and Wilde was 16, and they soon began an affair. Bosey sought financial support from Wilde, leading to strained dynamics and ultimately contributing to Wilde's bankruptcy. Despite their tempestuous relationship and Bosey's reputation for cruelty, he defended their love and advocated for the acceptance of homosexuality in society. However, their relationship deteriorated further after Wilde's failed libel case against Queensberry and subsequent imprisonment. After Wilde's death, Bosey's loyalty remained, but he later turned against Wilde, assisting in a libel case against an actress accused of being a lesbian co-conspirator in a German conspiracy. He even referred to Wilde as the "greatest force for evil" in Europe. Bosey's shifting attitudes towards Wilde and his later conversion to Catholicism marked a significant change in his views on homosexuality.
The Life and Legacy of Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas
Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas's life took various turns, from his controversial relationships to his involvement in publishing and politics. He married Olive Constant and had a tumultuous marriage. After his conversion to Catholicism, he became increasingly homophobic and took on far-right political viewpoints, promoting anti-Semitic ideas and associating himself with anti-leftist and anti-Irish sentiments. His involvement in the libel trial against Noel Pemberton Billing and his founding of the Plain English magazine further solidified his controversial public image. Douglas faced legal battles, imprisonment, and financial difficulties throughout his life. He died in relative obscurity, with only two people attending his funeral. His legacy includes his tumultuous relationship with Wilde and his shifting views on homosexuality, raising questions about the complexities of his life and the roles he played in history.
We profile Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas, the beautiful and dissolute poet, publisher, and lover of Oscar Wilde–who helped bring Wilde to ruin, became an antisemite, and generally personifies the term "evil twink energy."
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Sources and further reading:
Frank Harris: Oscar Wilde: His Life and Confessions
Oscar Wilde’s Last Stand
Douglas Murray: Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas
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