Ep481 - Mary Pilon | Obsession, Fury, and the Scandal Behind the World's Favorite Board Game
Sep 13, 2024
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Mary Pilon, an author renowned for uncovering hidden histories, dives into the scandalous backstory of Monopoly. She reveals that it wasn't just Charles Darrow who created the game—feminist activist Lizzie Magie laid the groundwork decades earlier. Pilon discusses the corporate manipulation of Monopoly's origins and the obsessive quest of Ralph Anspach, who fought for the truth behind its legacy. This captivating tale intertwines themes of greed, history, and the social impact of board games, turning Monopoly into a fascinating narrative of American business.
The true origins of Monopoly reveal that Lizzie McGee's Landlord's Game was meant to critique monopoly practices, contrasting capitalism's ideals.
Ralph Anspach's legal battle to reclaim McGee's legacy highlights the importance of historical accuracy in understanding the game's true significance.
Deep dives
The True Origins of Monopoly
The origins of the classic board game Monopoly are often misattributed to Charles Darrow, who is popularly believed to have created the game during the Great Depression. However, the true story reveals that the game’s concept dates back to 1904, when Lizzie McGee invented the Landlord's Game, which conveyed moral lessons about wealth and property. This early version of the game was embraced by left-wing intellectuals and social reformers of the time, highlighting the contrasting ideals of capitalism and anti-monopoly sentiments. The narrative around Darrow’s invention obscures McGee's significant contribution and the game’s original intent of critiquing monopolistic practices, creating a rich historical irony.
Elizabeth McGee: A Forgotten Feminist
Lizzie McGee, the creator of the Landlord's Game, was not only an inventor but also an outspoken feminist and social activist. Her early life was influenced by her father, a newspaper owner who had connections to Abraham Lincoln, which shaped her progressive views. McGee's work addressed income inequality through her game, reflecting her alignment with economic reform movements of the early 20th century. Despite her substantial contributions, her story remained largely marginalized until it was rediscovered through modern research efforts.
The Legacy of Ralph Onsprack
Ralph Onsprack, an economist, played a crucial role in uncovering the true history of Monopoly through his legal battle against Parker Brothers over his own game, Anti-Monopoly. His quest led him to investigate the origins of Monopoly, and he meticulously collected testimonies from individuals who played variations of the game before Darrow's version was marketed. The lengthy legal saga highlighted the game's deep-rooted history and ultimately recognized McGee's inventions as foundational to the iconic board game. Onsprack's determination not only sought to reclaim McGee's legacy but also questioned the corporate narrative surrounding Monopoly.
The Evolution of Monopoly and Its Cultural Impact
The evolution of Monopoly illustrates how game mechanics and cultural contexts shape public perceptions of capitalism. Originally set up to critique wealth concentration, Monopoly has transformed into a symbol of financial ambition and competition since its commercial success in the 1930s. The game's playstyle and various adaptations over the years, including local versions and themed editions, demonstrate its adaptability and lasting popularity. Moreover, the significant cultural touchstone that Monopoly represents continues to inspire discussions about economic disparities, consumer behaviors, and corporate practices in modern society.
Author Mary Pilon visits Google to discuss her book, "The Monopolists". The book reveals the unknown story of how the classic board game Monopoly came into existence, the reinvention of its history by Parker Brothers and multiple media outlets, the lost female originator of the game, and one man's lifelong obsession to tell the true story about the game's questionable origins.
Most people think Monopoly was invented by an unemployed Pennsylvanian who sold his game to Parker Brothers during the Great Depression in 1935 and lived happily--and richly--ever after. That story, however, is not exactly true. Ralph Anspach, a professor fighting to sell his Anti-Monopoly board game decades later, unearthed the real story, which traces back to Abraham Lincoln, the Quakers, and a forgotten feminist named Lizzie Magie who invented her nearly identical Landlord's Game more than thirty years before Parker Brothers sold their version of Monopoly. Her game--underpinned by morals that were the exact opposite of what Monopoly represents today--was embraced by a constellation of left-wingers from the Progressive Era through the Great Depression, including members of Franklin Roosevelt's famed Brain Trust.
A fascinating social history of corporate greed that illuminates the cutthroat nature of American business over the last century, "The Monopolists" reads like the best detective fiction, told through Monopoly's real-life winners and losers.