God's Indwelling Presence with Jim Hamilton (S2E40)
Aug 22, 2024
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Jim Hamilton, a biblical theology professor at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, dives into the fascinating topic of the Holy Spirit's indwelling across covenants. He explores whether old covenant believers experienced this divine presence and discusses the distinctions between indwelling and regeneration. The conversation highlights the shift from the Old Testament's tabernacle to the believer as a new temple and emphasizes the continuity of salvation experiences. Hamilton also connects Jesus' fulfillment of Old Testament symbols with the gift of the Holy Spirit.
Old Covenant believers experienced unique and selective Holy Spirit indwelling, contrasting with the universal promise for all New Covenant believers.
The transition from the Old to the New Covenant underscores a transformative shift in the Holy Spirit's role, enhancing believers' relationship with God.
Deep dives
Understanding Indwelling and Regeneration
The podcast delves into the concept of indwelling and regeneration, particularly under the Old Covenant. It is emphasized that while Old Covenant believers were indeed indwelt by the Holy Spirit, this experience was not uniform among them, often occurring in exceptional cases such as prophets or key leaders like Moses and David. Dr. Hamilton argues that the New Testament presents a distinct shift whereby all believers are promised the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, a transformative experience that differs from what those under the Old Covenant encountered. This pivotal shift raises essential theological questions about continuity and discontinuity between the two covenants.
Theological Perspectives on Covenantal Differences
Dr. Hamilton articulates differing theological views on the nature of the Old and New Covenants, presenting a spectrum of positions from those who see great continuity to those who advocate for significant discontinuity. In particular, the tension between Peado Baptist and Credo Baptist perspectives highlights varied interpretations regarding the regeneration and indwelling of believers across covenants. The discussion encompasses historical implications of these differing views, tracing how theological frameworks can shape interpretations of scripture. Hamilton notes the importance of engaging with biblical texts directly, rather than allowing systematic theologies to dictate their meanings.
The Role of the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament
In the Old Testament, the work of the Holy Spirit is portrayed as unique and often tied to specific individuals chosen for particular roles rather than being a universal experience for all believers. Dr. Hamilton refers to key figures who were endowed with the Spirit for distinct tasks, such as Joseph for interpreting dreams and Moses for leading the Israelites. This selective endowment underscores the idea that the Spirit's presence in the Old Covenant was not indicative of indwelling in the way described in the New Covenant. The contrasts drawn between individual empowerment and communal indwelling enhance the understanding of the transformational work of the Holy Spirit in the New Testament.
The Transition to New Covenant Believers
The podcast articulates a significant transition in the understanding of the Holy Spirit’s role from the Old to the New Covenant in light of Christ's work. Post-resurrection, believers are not only regenerated but also receive the Holy Spirit in a new way, symbolizing a comprehensive transformation in their relationship with God. The reference to scripture, especially the Gospel of John, highlights how Jesus' glorification is intrinsically linked to the giving of the Spirit, marking a definitive shift. This newfound presence within all believers signifies a fulfillment of Old Testament hopes, resonating with the prophetic promises of a more profound experience of God’s presence.
In this episode, Caleb is joined by Jim Hamilton (PhD, The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary) professor of biblical theology to discuss Holy Spirit indwelling and regeneration under the old and new covenants. Together they discuss questions like: were old covenant believers indwelt by the Holy Spirit? Are indwelling and regeneration the same thing? Since there’s one plan of salvation, does that mean the salvation experience is the same across the canon? And more.