Josue Calderon, a 19-year-old from El Salvador, shares his challenges of only using cash when he arrived in the United States. The podcast explores the barriers to accessing a bank account, difficulties faced by migrants, and the issue of unbanked individuals globally. It also highlights the popularity of the Agile savings system in Nigeria and the need for trusted platforms to empower unbanked individuals.
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Quick takeaways
Migrants face challenges in opening bank accounts due to strict requirements and language barriers, leading to financial exclusion.
Countries like Malawi and Zimbabwe struggle with their banking systems, hindering people from accessing formal financial services and eroding trust in the system.
Deep dives
Barriers to Opening a Bank Account
Opening a bank account can be challenging for migrants due to strict registration requirements, such as passport and visa details, proof of permanent address, and credit history checks. Language and cultural barriers further complicate the process. In the US, 6% of adults, approximately 20 million people, do not have a bank account, with certain demographics, like black and Hispanic communities, low-income individuals, and those with less education, being more likely to be unbanked.
Issues with Banking Systems in Different Countries
Countries like Malawi and Ethiopia face difficulties with their banking systems. In Malawi, high fees and demanding requirements, such as drawing a map of one's residence, hinder individuals from opening bank accounts. Similarly, in Ethiopia, although opening accounts is relatively easy, the lack of authentication leads to forged IDs and concerns about the banks' trustworthiness. In Zimbabwe, people experience significant distrust, with banks frequently closing, eroding confidence in the system.
The Role of Financial Inclusion and Digital Solutions
Increased access to financial services, including bank accounts, is prioritized by organizations like the World Bank to promote global development. Having a bank account enables households to invest in health, education, and emergencies, reducing the risk of falling into poverty. Mobile money and fintech companies are helping bridge the gap by offering digital financial services through apps and peer-to-peer payment platforms. These innovations make banking more accessible, particularly for underserved populations, like migrants, and also empower women, narrowing the gender gap.
How easy is it to open a bank account in your country?
Around the world, 1.4 billion people can’t get a bank account, and two-thirds of them are in low and middle income countries.
People from migrant communities also struggle to access formal banking services.
We hear from 19 year-old Josue Calderon. Originally from El Salvador, he arrived in the United States when he was 16. He tells Sam Fenwick about the challenges of only being able to use cash when he first arrived in the US.
Sam also speaks to BBC World Service listeners about their experiences of opening a bank account.
(Picture: The hand of a woman about to take money out of her purse. Credit: Getty Images)
Produced and presented by Sam Fenwick
Additional production by Barbara George
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