

Saudi Arabia and Pakistan Sign A Mutual Defense Treaty || Peter Zeihan
10 snips Sep 30, 2025
Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have forged a surprising mutual defense treaty, prompting questions about the rationale behind such an alliance. The discussion dives into Saudi expectations of nuclear support from Pakistan, and why this might be unrealistic. Historical parallels reveal how past alliances led to larger conflicts, while the dynamics of nuclear weapons challenge conventional diplomacy. With the U.S. stepping back, new regional tensions are giving rise to unconventional pacts, signaling a dramatic shift in international relations.
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Mismatch Between Allies
- Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed a mutual defense treaty despite not sharing borders or common primary foes.
- Peter Zeihan suggests the pact aims to leverage Pakistan's nuclear capability as strategic insurance for Saudi interests.
Subsidy As Strategic Leverage
- Saudi Arabia heavily subsidizes Pakistan via debt relief and cheap oil to maintain influence.
- Zeihan argues this support could make Pakistan a potential supplier of nuclear capability to Saudi needs.
Alliances And Escalation Risk
- Mutual defense pacts historically escalated conflicts, notably triggering wider war in World War I.
- Zeihan notes the nuclear age makes "attack-on-one means attack-on-all" far more consequential now.