
Uncomfortable Conversations with Josh Szeps "The Secret Economic History of the World" with Pulitzer finalist Sven Beckert
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Dec 1, 2025 Sven Beckert, a Harvard history professor and Pulitzer finalist, dives deep into the intricate evolution of capitalism. He explores how historical contexts shaped our current economic systems, challenging the myth of capitalism’s inevitability. Beckert discusses the adaptability of capitalism across political regimes and its intertwined relationship with state power. He emphasizes the potential for reimagining capitalist structures to align with moral and ecological principles, all while examining capitalism's complex roots in global trade and the impact of worker movements.
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Capitalism Adapts To Political Forms
- Capitalism takes very different forms across time and political regimes rather than following a single inevitable model.
- It has embedded itself within democracies and authoritarian states alike, adapting to each context.
The State Built The Free Market
- The so-called free market is a state construction that depends heavily on government institutions.
- States have built infrastructure, militaries, and legal systems that made modern capitalism possible.
Neoliberalism Was A Historical Moment
- The neoliberal order of the last 50 years presented itself as natural but was only one historical configuration of capitalism.
- Sudden shifts in that order feel destabilizing because people assume the current rules are permanent.



