Parmita Mishra — How to Think About Biology (EP.244)
Nov 28, 2024
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Parmita Mishra, Founder and CEO of Precigenetics, dives into the fascinating world of precision medicine and epigenetics. She breaks down complex concepts like gene regulation and the epigenetic influences on conditions like male pattern baldness versus sickle cell anemia. Parmita also reflects on the importance of communication in science and the need for FDA reform to keep pace with innovative research. With inspiring insights about her journey and her family's impact on public health, she encourages a fresh perspective on biology and entrepreneurship.
Epigenetics highlights how environmental factors influence gene expression, opening avenues for personalized medicine tailored to individual profiles.
The complexities of CRISPR technology underscore the ethical challenges and caution required in attempting to manipulate polygenic traits and conditions.
Advancements in non-invasive technologies promise to enhance patient comfort and improve data collection for chronic disease management in medical practices.
Deep dives
Understanding Epigenetics and Its Significance
Epigenetics is a crucial aspect of biology, distinguishing itself from traditional genetics by focusing on how genes are expressed rather than their mere sequence. This concept illuminates the dynamic nature of genes, suggesting that while an individual’s genetic code remains constant, varying external factors can influence how those genes manifest in different cells and conditions. For instance, the expression of genes can be compared to a switchboard, where environmental influences can turn certain genes on or off, affecting cellular behavior. This understanding opens up new avenues for personalized medicine, as recognizing these differences can ultimately lead to tailored treatments based on an individual's unique epigenetic profile.
The Promise and Complexity of CRISPR Technology
CRISPR technology has garnered significant attention for its potential to edit genes, yet its application is fraught with complexities and ethical considerations. Unlike straightforward genetic diseases such as sickle cell anemia, many traits and conditions are polygenic, influenced by multiple genes, making precise editing challenging. Attempts to modify traits like intelligence through genetic manipulation could have unintended consequences, highlighting the caution needed in advancing such technologies. The dialogue around CRISPR underscores the need for a deep understanding of gene interactions and the caution with which society should approach genetic modifications.
Non-Invasive Techniques and the Future of Medical Science
The advancement of non-invasive technologies holds transformative potential for the future of medical science, particularly in how diseases are monitored and understood. Currently, many medical evaluations require invasive procedures, which can complicate data collection and patient experiences. For example, tools that continuously measure vital metrics, similar to glucose monitors, could revolutionize how patients manage chronic conditions. As non-invasive methods develop, they will not only enhance patient comfort but also provide richer, more dynamic datasets that reflect real-time changes in health, paving the way for innovative treatment strategies.
Navigating the Intersection of Science and Regulation
The path from scientific discovery to public health application is often obstructed by bureaucratic regulation, which can slow innovation in the medical field. There exists a tension between the need for rigorous safety standards set by regulatory agencies and the flexibility required for groundbreaking research and innovation. As seen in cases where effective medications are derived from unexpected sources, such as Minoxidil or Retinol, the process of understanding and applying new scientific findings can often be convoluted. Therefore, aligning regulatory practices with the fast-paced nature of scientific discovery is crucial for fostering innovation in healthcare technologies.
Embracing Failure as a Catalyst for Growth
Failure is an inherent part of the scientific and entrepreneurial journey, often serving as a critical catalyst for learning and progress. Successful founders frequently embrace setbacks as opportunities to pivot and refine their ideas, a mindset essential in the rapidly evolving fields of science and technology. The perspective that every failure is not an end but a stepping stone encourages resilient thinking and fosters a culture of innovation. This approach not only promotes personal growth but also drives collective advancement in scientific understanding and therapeutic development.
Parmita Mishra is a computational biologist and the founder & CEO of Precigenetics, a company aiming to become a rocket to precision medicine.
Parmita is deeply knowledgeable about cutting-edge biology, particularly epigenetics — how behavior and environment can affect gene function without altering genetic code. Her passion for advancing our understanding of diseases is inspiring (and contagious: OSV is an investor in Parmita’s company!)
In our conversation, Parmita and I discuss everything from the curious case of male baldness to how her parents have saved 50,000 lives.
I hope you enjoy this conversation as much as I did. For the full transcript, highlights, and bucketloads of other goodies designed to make you go, “Hmm, that’s interesting!”, check out our Substack.
