Exploring the political landscape of 1936, FDR's re-election prospects amidst workers' insurgencies, the CIO's relationship with electoral politics, and the evolving links between leftwing intellectuals, the CIO, and the Democratic Party. Delving into the historic shift in economic strategy during Roosevelt's administration, the significance of the Social Security Act, labor party movements, challenges to Roosevelt's re-election, labor movements, espionage, and the Lefallet Committee's investigation. Examining election dynamics, coalition building, and the transformation of the Southern economy.
The CIO played a pivotal role in supporting Roosevelt's reelection amidst discussions about a potential third party.
The legislative activity in 1935 emphasized purchasing power to stimulate the economy and set the stage for Keynesian demand management strategies.
The Social Security Act of 1935 aimed to alleviate elder poverty but led to structural inequalities due to its regressive tax structure.
The intricate dynamics of coalition building during the 1936 election involved diverse factions working towards common goals, highlighting the CIO's impact.
Deep dives
The Transformation of the Democratic Party and Roosevelt's Reelection
In the critical year of 1936, amid uncertainties and criticisms from the left, Roosevelt and his supporters worked to secure a coalition for the Democrats. The CIO, led by John Lewis, played a significant role in supporting Roosevelt's reelection, despite discussions about a possible third party. The Roosevelt administration saw a shift towards longer-term reforms and a focus on purchasing power, setting the stage for the changing political contours of the labor movement.
The Dynamics of the Second New Deal
The second New Deal marked a shift from a planning orientation towards emphasizing purchasing power to stimulate the economy. The legislative activity in 1935, including the Wagner Act and Social Security Act, reflected this shift. Policies like the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act and the Banking Act of 1935 aimed at both long-term reforms and immediate relief, setting the stage for Keynesian demand management strategies.
The Social Security Act and Welfare State Initiatives
The Social Security Act of 1935 introduced significant social welfare initiatives, addressing old age assistance, unemployment insurance, and aid for dependent children. The Act aimed to alleviate elder poverty, stabilize the work ethic, and manage economic changes caused by technological advancements. However, the Act's regressive tax structure and conditions attached to state-federal programs led to structural inequalities in the welfare state.
Labor Movements and Political Realignments
Labor movements in 1936 navigated shifts in political alliances and tensions within the labor movement. While John Lewis's CIO actively supported Roosevelt's reelection, internal disagreements emerged over the Social Security Act and unemployment insurance. The formation of the American Labor Party in New York and discussions about a potential third party reflected aspirations for political independence amidst changing political dynamics.
The Coalition Building and the Complex Dynamics of Political Relationships
The podcast discusses the intricate dynamics of coalition building and political relationships during the 1936 election. It highlights how various groups and interests, such as the left wing of labor, liberals, mainstream anti-fascist forces, and progressives, interacted in support of candidates like Roosevelt. The episode delves into the challenges and strategies involved in bringing together diverse factions towards achieving common goals.
The Role of the CIO and the Mobilization Efforts
The CIO's significant role in mobilizing voters and influencing the election outcome is explored in the podcast episode. It details how the CIO utilized innovative tactics such as ground game activities, daily radio programs, and multi-lingual outreach to support Roosevelt's campaign. The episode highlights the CIO's impact on consolidating support for Roosevelt among various demographic groups, including black workers.
Evolution of Political Alignments and Regional Shifts
The podcast delves into the shifting political landscape of 1936, depicting the emergence of new voting constituencies, such as black workers aligning with the Democratic Party. It analyzes the evolving dynamics of racial politics, highlighting the economic restructuring in the South and its influence on political realignments. Additionally, the episode addresses the integration of white southern racism into political strategies, signaling transformative changes in the political economy and regional balances.
Episode 8 of Fragile Juggernaut places us back in the critical juncture of 1936: the final year of Roosevelt’s first term in office. What were FDR’s re-election prospects as workers’ insurgencies erupted from below and as capital waited in vain for the courts to demolish the Wagner Act? What did this juncture mean for the CIO and its relationship to electoral politics? Episode 8 dives into these questions and surveys the evolving links between the CIO, leftwing intellectuals in the Roosevelt administration, and the Democratic Party. Featuring special guest Samir Sonti, an assistant professor at the CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies.
Featured music: Franklin D. Roosevelt's Back Again (The New Lost City Ramblers); Old Age Pension Check (The New Lost City Ramblers); Farmer-Labor Train (Woody Guthrie); Tell Me Why You Like Roosevelt (McKinley Peebles)
Fragile Juggernaut is a Haymarket Originals podcast exploring the history, politics, and strategic lessons of the Congress of Industrial Organizations and the rank and file insurgency that produced it. Support Fragile Juggernaut on Patreon and receive our exclusive bimonthly newsletter, full of additional insights, reading recommendations, and archival materials we’ve amassed along the way.
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