Behind the News: Georgia's Democratic Crisis w/ Sopo Japaridze
Dec 10, 2024
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Larry Bartels, a political science professor renowned for his work on voting behavior, analyzes the rise of right-wing populism in contemporary politics. Sopo Japaridze, a Georgian-American journalist, sheds light on the democratic crisis in Georgia, revealing the aftermath of questionable elections and public protests. They discuss how local and global dynamics shape voter sentiments and the complex relationship between Georgia’s government and its aspirations for EU integration amid rising tensions with Russia.
The rise of right-wing populism is largely driven by political leaders exploiting public sentiments rather than genuine shifts in voter attitudes.
Democracy's health increasingly hinges on political elites manipulating populist narratives, often prioritizing loyalty to leaders over democratic principles.
Deep dives
The Rise of Right-Wing Populism
The rise of right-wing populism globally is driven more by political leaders than by significant changes in public opinion. Larry Bartels argues that shifts in voting behavior for populist parties are often the result of political supply rather than a genuine demand from the electorate. Significant examples include the anti-immigrant sentiment and distrust in political institutions that populist parties exploit, rather than a widespread increase in these sentiments among the public. Voter support can sometimes reflect the availability of alternatives rather than shifting attitudes, as political leaders tap into pre-existing frustrations or fears to galvanize support.
Perceptions of Immigration in Europe
Bartels explains that there is often a disconnect between actual immigrant populations and public sentiment toward immigration. Despite a general increased acceptance of immigrants in various countries like Sweden, media coverage tends to amplify negative sentiments, creating a skewed perception of public opinion. This misrepresentation can lead to the erroneous belief that rising anti-immigrant attitudes are fueled by immigration influx, when in many cases, anti-immigration sentiment remains stable or even decreases over time. Political leaders, therefore, are able to leverage these narratives to build support even in populations that are not experiencing significant changes in attitudes toward immigrants.
Economic Factors vs. Cultural Sentiments
While economic hardship has often been cited as a catalyst for the support of right-wing populism, Bartels challenges this notion, particularly in the context of the Euro crisis. He highlights Spain as an example where the economic turmoil did not translate into significant support for populist parties. Instead, cultural sentiments, particularly among older and less educated demographics, appear to drive shifts in political alignment more than economic disaffection. The rise of populism can thus be more accurately attributed to reactions against social change rather than a direct response to economic setbacks.
The Role of Political Leaders in Democratic Backsliding
Bartels underscores the critical influence political leaders have on the health of democracy, suggesting that they often manipulate populist sentiments to entrench their power. This manipulation can manifest in various ways, such as scapegoating groups or leveraging media narratives to bolster their positions. The analysis indicates that supporting a specific political figure often takes precedence over adherence to democratic principles among the electorate, which may engage in contradictory beliefs regarding support for democracy. Thus, the trajectory of democracy is less about public will and more about the decisions and strategies of political elites who navigate these sentiments for their ends.
Larry Bartels discusses his Foreign Affairs article about the right-wing “populist wave." Sopo Japaridze, co-author of a recent Jacobin article, examines the crisis of democracy in Georgia (the country, not the US state).
Behind the News, hosted by Doug Henwood, covers the worlds of economics and politics and their complex interactions, from the local to the global. Find the archive online: https://www.leftbusinessobserver.com/radio.html
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