Artificial Intelligence and the Physician of Tomorrow | Michael Howell, MD, MPH

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May 6, 2025

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What happens to the practice of medicine when machines begin to reason, summarize and even empathize — at least in the linguistic sense — better than humans do?

In this episode, we meet with Michael Howell, MD, MPH, Chief Clinical Officer at Google, to explore the seismic shifts underway in healthcare as artificial intelligence becomes more deeply embedded in clinical workflows. Dr. Howell, a pulmonary and critical care physician, has spent his career at the crossroads of clinical excellence and systems innovation. Before joining Google, he served as chief quality officer at University of Chicago Medicine. At Google, he leads the development and implementation of AI technologies intended to support scalable, safe and equitable medical care.

Over the course of our conversation, we examine what AI is and isn't. We delve into how large language models are reshaping the cognitive labor of clinicians, the implications of machines that may someday outperform humans in diagnosis, and whether there is something inherently human about healing that algorithms will never capture. Along the way, we discuss not only the promises of AI, but also its hidden dangers, ethical landmines, and the enduring question — in a future defined by ever smarter machines. What does it mean to be a good doctor?

In this episode, you’ll hear about:

2:43 - Dr. Howell’s path to medicine and eventually to becoming Chief Clinical Officer at Google

6:45 - Why examining the differences between theory and implementation of technology matters

17:35 - The evolution of AI and its clinical capabilities

26:05 - The definition of “thinking” in the age of AI

36:11 - How AI could change the landscape of healthcare on a global scale

50:26 - The ethics of using — and not using — AI in medicine

54:36 - The role of a doctor in 20 years

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