
Everything Energy Staying cool without overheating the energy system
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Aug 7, 2025 Brian Motherway, Head of the IEA’s Office of Energy Efficiency, dives into the soaring global demand for air conditioning as temperatures rise and income levels increase. He discusses the impact on electricity systems and affordability, highlighting the urgent need for effective government policies. The conversation explores strategies for sustainable urban design to combat heat while ensuring equitable access to cooling. Motherway emphasizes the significance of updating building codes and standards as climate change intensifies, showcasing the challenges and solutions in keeping cool without straining energy resources.
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Cooling Is A Major Energy Driver
- Cooling uptake is a major and growing driver of building electricity demand worldwide.
- This trend raises affordability, equity and climate challenges that require policy attention.
Three Levels Of Cooling
- Brian describes three levels of cooling: urban design, passive building design and active cooling like fans or air conditioners.
- He notes fans use far less electricity while air conditioners use 40–50 times more energy than fans.
Cooling Outweighs Data Centres
- Cooling already accounts for roughly 9–10% of global electricity demand, far above data centres.
- Rapid installation and use of air conditioners are pushing up both annual and peak electricity demand.
