Carl Waitz, "Youth Mental Health Crises and the Broken Social Link: A Freudian-Lacanian Perspective" (Routledge, 2024)
Feb 17, 2025
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Dr. Carl Waitz, an attending psychologist at Boston Children's Hospital and a Harvard Medical School faculty member, dives deep into youth mental health crises. He shares alarming statistics on rising depression and suicide rates among young people. Waitz examines the impact of social media on identity and community, emphasizing the decline of traditional structures. He also discusses the challenges of diagnosis in the digital age and the role of consumer capitalism in shaping youth experiences, blending personal insights with psychoanalytic theory.
The youth mental health crisis is marked by rising suicide rates and mental health issues, reflecting deeper societal challenges impacting adolescents' well-being.
Psychoanalytic theory, particularly Freud's and Lacan's ideas, offers insights into the complexities of adolescent identity formation amidst societal pressures and expectations.
The shift from communal rites of passage to online validation has led to feelings of isolation and an ongoing struggle for belonging among youth.
Deep dives
Understanding Youth Mental Health Crisis
The youth mental health crisis is characterized by alarming statistical trends, including increased rates of suicide and mental health issues among adolescents aged 10 to 24. The crisis is not merely defined by these numbers; it also encompasses the psychological phenomena that contribute to these distressing outcomes. Factors such as societal changes and the impact of digital media have further complicated the landscape of youth mental health. Mental health professionals are increasingly concerned about the implications of these trends, leading to urgent discussions on potential interventions and solutions.
Psychoanalytic Framework and Adolescent Challenges
The application of psychoanalytic theory, particularly the ideas of Freud and Lacan, provides a unique lens through which to understand the challenges faced by today's youth. Both thinkers emphasize the importance of societal forces and how they shape individual psyche and identity formation. Lacan's notions of desire, as fundamentally tied to lack, become crucial in understanding how adolescents navigate their mental health struggles amidst overwhelming societal expectations. This framework invites exploration into the underlying motivations and desires driving behavior in adolescents.
Impact of Digital Media on Identity and Community
The influence of social media and the internet significantly affects how youth perceive themselves and their identities. Traditionally, initiation rites served to transition youth into adulthood, but this community-based guidance has largely shifted to online spaces. Consequently, access to vast amounts of information can dilute personal identity and foster feelings of isolation. This disconnection from local narratives can lead to a struggle for societal belonging, particularly when youth seek validation through online identities instead of their immediate communities.
Diagnosis Seeking and Its Implications
A growing trend among youth is the desire for specific diagnoses which can offer them a sense of identity and community. This phenomenon has been exacerbated by the rise of online platforms where individuals can share their experiences and rally around shared diagnoses. However, seeking a diagnosis may also serve to isolate individuals from deeper exploration of their experiences and struggles. Ultimately, reliance on labels can foreclose genuine inquiry into one's condition, limiting therapeutic potential.
Psychoanalysis as an Initiation Rite
Psychoanalysis has the potential to function as a modern initiation rite, providing a space where youth can explore their identities and societal relationships. In therapy, individuals may address significant questions regarding their existence and place in the world, creating opportunity for personal growth and development. This therapeutic setting allows adolescents to navigate the complexities of contemporary lives while forming deeper understandings of their desires and struggles. By fostering genuine reflections and conversations, psychoanalysis can help youth cultivate a more meaningful sense of self amid the demands of society.
“The kids are not ok” blurbs Patricia Gherovici in her endorsement of Dr. Waitz’ necessary new book. We know this. On the weekend we recorded this interview (February 9, 2025) the New York Times published research[1] showing national trendlines from 1990-2024. Rates of depression and suicide; up. Life expectancy and satisfaction; down. Dr. Waitz cites data from 2015-2020 showing suicide as the second leading cause of death for youth ages 10-14. In discussion with colleagues at other hospitals they recognize that these numbers are “striking”. The topic of youth mental health has been on Dr. Waitz’ mind for a long time starting “as far back as when I first started working with adolescents. Even before I and went to graduate school for psychology.” Dr. Waitz’ clinical experience with this material over the years is evident in this thoughtfully researched book. When he and his wife were expecting their “first kid” he realized that “this was starting to be a personal topic in addition to a professional one.” This is a deeply felt book. So was this interview. No matter where we were in our talk I associated to my current cases. Cases of youth in crisis. They cannot be discussed here. So we weaved in and out of the text. Sometimes exploring theory broadly. Sometimes specifically. All our discussion leading to the clinical question, what does psychoanalysis have to offer? We addressed this by discussing two passages near the end of the book.
“Without the fantasy of a sexual rapport any longer, there is no easily available limit on jouissance and this is precisely why the panoply of solutions called the youth mental health crisis (suicide, self-injury, depression, identification with the stigma of diagnosis, and political polarization are substitutionary, if not contrary to the formation of a social link.” (p.180)
“The challenges of psychoanalysis are greater than merely navigating its own exigencies. If it is to have anything to say about the youth mental health crisis, it must find a way of engaging with a non-psychoanalytic society. With this in mind, how can psychoanalysis a practice focused on a singular subject approach a problem of desire - itself a consequence of a loss of initiation rites at a social level while maintaing it's "non desire to cure" (p.175)
As readers of clinical and theoretical literature recognize, analysts tend to shy away from declarative statements preferring to swim in the open waters of the unknown. I was pleased to end the interview by asking Dr. Waitz about his bold declaration, “There is no question more revealing of one's worldview then why one conceived a child one's religion or economics hold no candle to this question.” (p.100)