Daniel talks to Prof. Aomawa Shields, author of 'Life on Other Planets', about the climate of exoplanets and her unusual path to astronomy. They discuss searching for life on exoplanets, the criteria for habitability, techniques for finding exoplanets, complexities of habitability, and Professor Shields' personal journey into academia.
Prof. Aumawa Shields uses climate models to determine the habitability of exoplanets and search for potential markers of life.
Prof. Aumawa Shields emphasizes the importance of owning and integrating seemingly disparate interests to pursue a fulfilling career.
Determining habitability on exoplanets is complex, involving factors such as planetary distance, atmospheric composition, and surface properties.
Deep dives
The Quest for Habitable Planets
Professor Aumawa Shields, an astronomy professor, focuses her research on studying the habitability of planets beyond our solar system. She aims to answer the age-old question of whether we are alone in the universe by identifying planets that have the potential for liquid water, a key ingredient for life as we know it. Using climate models, Professor Shields simulates different atmospheres and surface conditions to determine the habitability of exoplanets. She also discusses the importance of bio-signatures, the potential markers of life, and how future telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescope could help identify these signs. Ultimately, her work seeks to prioritize the search for habitable exoplanets and answer the question of extraterrestrial life.
Finding Connection Between Astronomy and Acting
Professor Aumawa Shields shares her personal journey of pursuing both astronomy and acting. In her youth, she was inspired by astronomy from watching air shows and movies like Top Gun and Space Camp. However, her love for acting led her to consider pursuing a career in the arts. Throughout her academic and professional journey, she experienced conflict between her two passions. After leaving a PhD program in astronomy, she pursued acting and even applied to acting schools. Eventually, she recognized that both astronomy and acting were integral parts of her identity and decided to embrace both. Her story highlights the importance of owning your passions and finding a way to integrate seemingly disparate interests.
Forging a Path Back to Academia
Professor Aumawa Shields recounts her path back to academia and her return to pursuing a career in astronomy. After spending over a decade in acting, she realized that her passion for science was still burning strong. Despite the challenges and struggles, Shields found that there is a way back into academia and that it is never too late to follow your dreams. She emphasizes the importance of sharing stories and creating a sense of community for those seeking a path back into their desired fields. Her personal journey serves as an inspiration for others who may feel lost or disconnected from their passions.
Sources of complexity in determining habitability
Many factors contribute to the complexity of determining habitability on exoplanets. These include planetary and stellar distance from a star, atmospheric composition, planetary rotation rate, reflective properties of surfaces, and the age of the system. These factors interact in complex ways, making it difficult to identify the most critical factors for habitability. While factors like stellar and planetary distance from a star and atmospheric composition are considered important, it has been observed that orbital distance and atmospheric composition alone do not fully determine habitability.
The importance of surface and future research
The surface of a planet plays a crucial role in determining habitability. While current models often simplify the surface by assuming oceans or slab-like oceans, the surface of exoplanets is more complex, with topography and compositional variety. Different surfaces, such as water ice, land surfaces, and alternative ices, have varying reflective and absorptive properties, influencing planetary climate and habitability. Incorporating the complexity of surface environments is essential for accurate assessments of habitability. However, there are still uncertainties in cloud microphysics and modeling complex surfaces, making further research and improvement necessary.