Abu Mohammed al-Jolani, leader of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), discusses his remarkable journey from jihadist to attempting to present HTS as a legitimate governing body. He reveals the complexities of shaping public perception through media narratives while navigating a war-torn landscape. Al-Jolani reflects on his strategic evolution in Idlib, engaging with local communities and attempting to shed his brutal past. The conversation dives into the challenges of establishing credibility in a skeptical international community amidst ongoing conflict.
Hayat Tahrir al-Sham is strategically rebranding under Abu Mohammed al-Jolani's leadership to distance itself from its jihadist past and gain local legitimacy.
Despite HTS's attempts to provide governance and essential services, pervasive poverty and authoritarian practices challenge their narrative of progress in Idlib.
Deep dives
The Rise of HTS and its Rebranding Strategy
Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), a coalition of rebel groups, has launched Operation Repelling the Aggression against Bashar al-Assad's regime in Syria. The group's leader, Abu Mohammed al-Jolani, is actively attempting to distance HTS from its jihadist origins through a rebranding strategy that emphasizes a civilian governance role. This transformation is illustrated by social media memes that depict Jolani evolving from military attire to more civilian clothing, underscoring his push for a more approachable image. The rebranding aims to position HTS more favorably among local populations and international observers, seeking legitimacy as a governance entity amid ongoing conflict.
Al-Jolani's Political Maneuvering and Public Image
Abu Mohammed al-Jolani has been navigating a complex political landscape, positioning himself as both a militant leader and a civic figure capable of engaging in political negotiations. His public appearances, including interactions with local residents and attendance at community events, serve to portray him as a leader invested in the welfare of the people in Idlib. Significantly, he has held meetings with representatives from various communities, including Christians and Druze, showcasing a desire to project inclusivity. This public relations campaign contrasts sharply with the past behavior of jihadist leaders and is indicative of HTS's strategic shift toward establishing a semblance of governance.
Challenges Faced by HTS and the Local Population
While HTS has attempted to cultivate a more moderate image and provide essential services, reports indicate that many citizens live below the poverty line amidst ongoing conflict and instability. The group's governance in Idlib has raised concerns about authoritarian measures, as dissent is often met with intimidation. Furthermore, the harsh realities for locals have been exacerbated by natural disasters, such as the recent earthquake, which HTS leveraged to enhance its image as a caring authority. The substantial gap between HTS's narrative of progress and the lived experiences of the populace highlights the challenges the group faces in its pursuit of legitimacy and governance.
A shock offensive on Aleppo turned Syria’s forgotten conflict into hot war. The group spearheading it, Hayat Tahrir al Sham (HTS), has been at pains to present itself as a credible governing body, having renounced its jihadist past. With a bounty on his head, its leader, Abu Mohammed al Jawlani, has been spinning his propaganda machine in the northern province of Idlib, wearing western suits and taking selfies with the locals. We track his journey of transformation in this episode, first published in 2023.
Producer: Kriszta Satori, Anne Dixey
Presenter: Krassi Twigg
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