The Bowery Boys: New York City History

#477 Chester A. Arthur: The Gentleman Boss

Jan 2, 2026
Discover the fascinating life of Chester A. Arthur, the 21st President, who rose from a New York political landscape dominated by Tammany Hall. Uncover his transformation from a street-smart operator to a surprising advocate for civil service reform. Delve into his partnership with Roscoe Conkling and how a series of events catapulted him to the presidency unexpectedly. Explore his legacy, including the impact of his final days and the influence of Julia Sand in guiding his presidency amidst political chaos.
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ANECDOTE

Early Civil Rights Court Victory

  • Chester A. Arthur began his legal career by defending Elizabeth Jennings Graham in a 1854 streetcar segregation case in New York City.
  • The courtroom was packed and the victory forced the railroad to allow any paying customer to ride.
INSIGHT

Power of the Custom House

  • The Collector of the Port of New York controlled most federal revenue and was a central node in Gilded Age patronage politics.
  • Chester A. Arthur used that office to build a powerful Republican machine and enrich allies through the spoils system.
ANECDOTE

Lexington Avenue Social And Political Life

  • Arthur lived at 123 Lexington Avenue where his wife Nell hosted lavish society gatherings while he caroused in saloons and dance halls.
  • He recruited Democratic operatives into Republican ranks by using the same rough tactics as Tammany Hall.
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