The Intelligence from The Economist Frozen conflict? A special episode in the Arctic
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Aug 14, 2025 Adam Roberts, Correspondent for The Economist, shares insights from his visit to Svalbard, home to a unique Russian settlement called Barentsburg. He discusses the area's geopolitical significance, emphasizing its potential as a flashpoint for Russia’s expansionism. The podcast highlights the striking contrast between Barentsburg's Soviet echoes and the contemporary world, as well as the local desire for freedom. Roberts also delves into Russia’s ambitions in the Arctic, amid ongoing tensions with NATO and the increasing involvement of global powers like China.
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Treaty Creates A Russian Foothold
- The 1920 Svalbard Treaty gives Norway sovereignty but allows other nationals economic and scientific activity.
- That legal quirk gives Russia a lasting, legal foothold within Norwegian territory that Moscow exploits for influence.
Visiting Russia’s Outpost In Svalbard
- Adam Roberts and Matthew Steinglass describe arriving in Barentsburg and feeling as if they stepped into Russia despite being on Norwegian territory.
- They note Soviet-era buildings, a Lenin bust, Russian signs, and a coal-fired power station that create a surreal, semi-abandoned Russian town atmosphere.
Coal Mining Keeps The Claim Alive
- Reporters found Russian scientists and miners in Barentsburg and described facilities like the Kohler Scientific Center.
- They observed that coal mining continues largely to justify Russia's presence rather than for genuine economic necessity.