This season kicks off with a deep dive into the relationship between original sin and Darwinian evolution, suggesting a rich dialogue between science and theology. The hosts scrutinize various theories of atonement, revealing their historical evolution and implications on God's nature. They explore the Day of Atonement's symbolism and discuss the intricate bond between God and creation. Throughout, the conversation challenges traditional interpretations, inviting a blend of faith and scientific thought that promises both intrigue and reflection.
The podcast explores the integration of Darwinian evolution with theological discussions on original sin, emphasizing the importance of accurate narratives for foundational beliefs.
Various theories of atonement, particularly moral influence and scapegoat theory, illustrate the evolving interpretations of salvation and human responsibility in Christian thought.
Deep dives
The Intersection of Science and Theology
The discussion addresses the integration of scientific perspectives, specifically Darwinian evolution, into the theological concept of original sin. It is argued that understanding human origins through evolution provides necessary context for a historical discussion on sin, as starting from an inaccurate narrative can lead to problematic theological conclusions. A careful examination of what it means to be human and the inherent flaws passed down through generations is crucial for a solid theological framework. The speaker emphasizes that this approach does not seek to impose modern ideologies onto ancient theology but rather to clarify and enrich it with established scientific understanding.
Understanding Atonement Theology
Atonement represents the concept of reconciliation between humanity and the divine, often framed as a response to the separation caused by sin. The breakdown of the term 'atonement' highlights the desire for unity with God, positing various historical interpretations. Seven distinct theories of atonement are introduced, elucidating how these frameworks have evolved among theologians over centuries. The significance of these theories reflects how different Christian traditions prioritize various aspects of salvation and the consequences of the fall.
Theological Theories of Atonement
The conversation details several theories of atonement, including moral influence theory, ransom theory, satisfaction theory, and penal substitution. Moral influence theory focuses on Christ's role as an exemplar whose actions inspire ethical transformation, while ransom theory poses Christ's death as a price paid to free humanity. In contrast, satisfaction theory shifts to a more commercial perspective, suggesting Christ’s death addresses divine justice. Penal substitution is critiqued for its portrayal of God as vindictive and highlights concerns regarding a transactional view of salvation.
Scapegoat Theory and Its Implications
Scapegoat theory is discussed as a significant anthropological perspective underpinning social dynamics, where collective blame is projected onto an individual or group during social tensions. This aligns with the historical Jewish practice associated with the Day of Atonement, suggesting deeper complexities in understanding sacrifices beyond mere rituals. The theory brings forth the idea that scapegoating exposes humanity's inherent flaws, pointing to a non-violent narrative regarding Jesus' role. This perspective offers an alternative to traditional sacrificial and atonement theories while encouraging reflection on human behavior and responsibility.
A sneak-peak at what’s in store for S6 …. and why!
Season Five ended rather abruptly, in part due to practical reasons (the Fall is always a busy time … teaching, hunting, shutting the property down for the winter). But there was also very much an internal, philosophical/theological thing going on: getting increasingly disheartened and disillusioned by things going on in the world. Western society seemed to be increasingly in upheaval (and that was months before what descended on us in January!?), the Evangelical world was getting more and more weird, social media becoming toxic, and we were struggling with re-evaluating what we still believed. Or didn’t believe. As we started the New Year, I [Luke] was resigning myself to the fact that I’d given up most of the Evangelical faith that I’d grown up in for fifty years, and was becoming more comfortable with the label “Liberal Christian.”
And then my social media offered up to me an article written by a highly-credentialed conservative theologian who had been THE Professor of Theology at the biggest Baptist university in the world, introducing his new book: Against Liberal Theology: putting the brakes on Progressive Christianity. Dr. Roger Olson described Liberal Christianity as not only unorthodox, but even heretical! It hit me like a slap in the face! Well, call me a sucker for punishment, but I felt I needed to talk to this scholar to see if my reasons for embracing Liberal Theology were solid and defensible. While preparing for that conversation, I discovered an equally highly-credentialed liberal theologian — Dr. Douglas F. Ottati — who wrote his own book: A theology for the twenty-first century. Well didn’t that title catch my eye!?
I contacted both scholars, and within hours … literally … both said they’d be happy to talk to us.
And thus, Season Six was birthed!
This episode sets the stage for that conversation with two titans on either end of the Christian spectrum. Scott and I discuss whether we need to re-brand: do we need to change the title of our podcast, given that we’ve given up on Evangelicalism? We polled our private Facebook discussion group about this and got a clearly decisive answer …. m’eh!? We also discuss whether the mission and trajectory of the podcast will be different in Season Six: we shared comments from our listeners, who see the podcast as a community, a support group, and providing role models, tools, and ideas. We’re going to lean more heavily into that.
We close out the episode with a sneak-peak at what’s coming down the Recovering Evangelicals pipeline. After we hear what Drs. Olson and Ottati have to say about Liberal Christian Theology itself, we’re going to hear from several people who themselves made the transition out of a Fundamentalist/Evangelical faith into something more liberal/progressive, but did so from very different perspectives: one as a professor in the Academy (Peter Enns) and the other as a pastor (Brian MacLaren).
As always, tell us your thoughts on this episode in the comment box below.
If you enjoyed this episode, you might also enjoy several previous ones we referred to, covering the Gospel (#12), Atonement Theology (#19 and #20), a new understanding of Easter (#112), Jesus as the Jewish Messiah (#82) or Cosmic Divine Being (#83), as well as a collection of personal stories from listeners transitioning out of traditional conservative Evangelicalism.
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