Chaos in South Korea: martial law, impeachment, resignations
Dec 6, 2024
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James Griffiths, The Globe's Asia correspondent, shares insights from the heart of South Korea's political chaos. He discusses the dramatic events surrounding President Yoon Suk Yeol, including his controversial martial law declaration and the immediate public backlash demanding his resignation. Griffiths also delves into the historical context of martial law and impeachments in South Korea, emphasizing the rising tensions with North Korea and the implications for the nation’s fragile democracy.
The swift backlash to President Yoon Suk Yeol's declaration of martial law illustrates the deep-rooted commitment of South Koreans to democratic values and civil liberties.
The political turmoil initiated by Yoon's actions not only reveals significant public dissent but also highlights ongoing societal issues like economic stagnation and inequality.
Deep dives
Public Outcry and Protests in Seoul
Thousands of citizens in South Korea have taken to the streets in response to President Yoon Suk-yeol's recent attempt to enact martial law. Protests are primarily centered around key locations in the capital, such as Gwanghwaman Square and the National Assembly, as demonstrators express their dissent and call for the president's resignation. Many protesters display signs denouncing Yoon, indicating a strong sentiment against what they perceive as a threat to democracy. This reaction underscores the citizens' disbelief that such authoritarian measures could resurface in modern South Korea, given the country's history of dictatorship and the hard-fought freedoms established since the democratization process.
Martial Law Declaration and Immediate Repercussions
The political turmoil began when President Yoon declared a state of emergency and martial law during a late-night address, citing threats from pro-North Korean forces among other justifications. This unexpected declaration sparked immediate backlash, leading almost 200 lawmakers to convene at the National Assembly in defiance of the military's presence, ultimately resulting in a swift vote to rescind the martial law. The incident highlighted the president's overreach of power and resulted in a temporary martial law period lasting only six hours, the briefest in South Korean history. Yoon's actions backfired significantly, leading to condemnation from both political allies and the public and increasing calls for impeachment.
Implications for Democracy and Future Governance
The unfolding political crisis has significant implications for the future of democracy in South Korea, as the opposition prepares to introduce an impeachment motion against President Yoon. With a strong history of political turmoil, South Korea's civil society appears ready to mobilize in defense of democratic principles, reminiscent of past mass protests that led to the impeachment of former leaders. The conflict also reflects persistent social issues, such as economic stagnation and increasing inequality, compounding the challenges faced by the government. Additionally, the president's diminishing approval ratings hint at the potential for further instability, regardless of the immediate outcome of parliamentary actions.
The Globe and Mail’s Asia Correspondent James Griffiths is in Seoul covering it. He explains what led to all this political tumult and who South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol is – the person at the centre of it all.