Thomas Herndon, a student who challenged economic status quo, uncovers errors in a prominent economic paper, questioning the correlation between debt levels and economic growth. His discovery shakes the intellectual foundations of a global movement and sparks debates on flawed economic policies.
Thomas Herndon debunked the 90% debt threshold causing economic collapse by revealing errors in Reinhart-Rogoff's study.
The incident highlights the importance of critical data analysis in economic research and policy-making.
Deep dives
Discovery of Error in Economic Data Analysis
Thomas Herndon, a grad student, discovers a fundamental error in a well-known paper by Carmen Reinhart and Ken Rogoff regarding the impact of high levels of national debt on economic growth. Through meticulous analysis, he realizes that key data from several countries were omitted, leading to misleading conclusions. By adjusting the calculations, the supposed 90% debt threshold causing economic collapse is debunked, revealing that countries actually grow under high debt levels, challenging prevailing economic beliefs.
Repercussions of the Spreadsheet Error
The revelation of the spreadsheet error significantly impacts the economic world, causing a reevaluation of austerity policies based on flawed data. Thomas Herndon's findings shed light on the negative effects of relying on erroneous analyses to shape crucial economic decisions. The incident underscores the complexity and uncertainties in economic theories and policies, highlighting the need for critical examination and verification of data used in academic research and policy-making.
Lessons Learned and Expert Acknowledgment
The story of the spreadsheet error serves as a cautionary tale that even esteemed experts can make critical mistakes in data analysis. Carmen Reinhart and Ken Rogoff acknowledge the error in their paper but downplay its significance, attributing it to a minor coding mistake. The controversy surrounding the error underscores the challenges of interpreting and applying economic data in policy contexts, emphasizing the importance of rigorous scrutiny and transparency in economic research.
Thomas Herndon was happily studying economics at the University of Massachusetts, when one day is punctured by a discovery. It appears to be an anomaly which, if true, will shake the intellectual foundations of a global movement, and could undermine politicians around the world.
Hannah Fry tells the extraordinary story of a student who will go head to head with two of the greatest economic minds in modern times. But can he win?
Episode Producer: Lauren Armstrong-Carter
Sound Design: Jon Nicholls
Story Editor: John Yorke
A series for Radio 4 by BBC Science in Cardiff.
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