Two Hong Kong politicians and observers of US-China relations, Emily Lau and Adrian Ho, discuss the current political culture, relationship with Beijing, and the effects of the 2020 National Security Law in Hong Kong. They also share their distinct perspectives on Hong Kong's relationship with the US and China, the erosion of the "one country, two systems" concept, the motivations behind the 2019 protests, and the challenges and division in Hong Kong's future.
Hong Kong's civil liberties have been eroded due to the Chinese government's emphasis on national security.
Prison conditions in Hong Kong are challenging, with uncertainty surrounding the legal status of those detained under the national security law.
The 2019 protests in Hong Kong reflected deep-seated anger towards the government's handling of economic issues, emphasizing the need for peaceful means of expression.
Deep dives
Hong Kong's Divided Society
The atmosphere in Hong Kong is characterized by division among the population. Pro-democracy individuals are fearful and some have been imprisoned or have left the city. Others are supportive of the Chinese government's actions and want to return to normalcy. Hong Kong's unique status within China, known as 'one country, two systems', has been eroded in recent years, leading to a loss of civil liberties. The Chinese government's emphasis on national security has come at the expense of civil liberties, resulting in a decline in press freedom and the shrinking of civil society.
Conditions in Hong Kong Prisons
The prison conditions in Hong Kong are challenging, particularly during hot weather. Some prisons lack proper ventilation, forcing inmates to endure extreme heat. While political prisoners receive better treatment compared to mainland China, where conditions can be horrific, the loss of liberty and the oppressive atmosphere still take a toll. The legal status of those detained under the national security law remains uncertain, as trials are ongoing and cases are proceeding slowly. The outcome of these trials will determine the legal precedent and interpretation of the law.
The 2019 Protests and Views on Violence
The 2019 protests in Hong Kong were driven by a range of motivations, with some participants seeking democratic freedoms and universal suffrage. However, violent actions during the protests, such as throwing Molotov cocktails, were condemned by many, including activists who did not subscribe to violence. The protests reflected a deep-seated anger towards the Hong Kong government's handling of economic issues, including housing affordability and income inequality. While recognizing the need to address these concerns, promoting peaceful means of expression and discouraging violence is essential.
Hong Kong's Identity and Its Role as a Bridge
Hong Kong's unique identity and role as a bridge between China and the international community have been crucial to its success. While the relationship between mainland China and Hong Kong can be seen as resembling a father and son, the two systems, Hong Kong's autonomy, have been vital to its growth as an international financial center and a conduit for China's engagement with the world. Building trust and maintaining open dialogue with the business community is key to assuring investors and businesses that Hong Kong remains a safe and important place for commerce.
Navigating Hong Kong's Future
Hong Kong faces an uncertain future, but hope and commitment to democracy remain. While divisions and challenges exist, there is a need for open dialogue, understanding, and patience. Efforts to communicate with the international community, especially the business sector, are crucial in dispelling misconceptions and clarifying the impact of the national security law. Hong Kong's success in safeguarding civil liberties and maintaining its status as an international financial center depends on its ability to strike a balance between national security and the preservation of distinct systems and freedoms.
Where do things stand in Hong Kong today, and what might the future hold?
This month, Asia Inside Out host Rorry Daniels speaks with two Hong Kong politicians and observers of US-China relations: Emily Lau and Adrian Ho.
The two Hong Kongers see the city's political culture, relationship with Beijing, and recent history—including the seismic 2019 protests—very differently. They each discuss the effects so far of the 2020 National Security Law, as well as their distinct ideas about what national security is and how Hong Kong should secure it. The conversation also features their separate perspectives on Hong Kong's relationship with the US and PRC and how they envision the city's future.
Emily Lau is a former politician and journalist and remains engaged in Hong Kong's civic and political life. She was the first woman directly elected to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in 1991, and was Chairperson of the Democratic Party from 2012 to 2016.
Adrian Ho is a Hong Kong politician and businessman. In 2019, he founded a Facebook group called SaveHK, which became the largest pro-Beijing group on Facebook, with 200,000 members at one point. A member of the New People's Party, he was elected to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in 2022.
Asia Inside Out brings together our team and special guests to take you beyond the latest policy headlines and provide an insider’s view on regional and global affairs. Each month we’ll deliver an interview with informed experts, analysts, and decision-makers from across the Asia-Pacific region. If you want to dig into the details of how policy works, this is the podcast for you.
This podcast is produced by the Asia Society Policy Institute, a “think-and-do tank” working on the cutting edge of current policy trends by incorporating the best ideas from our experts and contributors into recommendations for policy makers to put these plans into practice.
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