Ulises Ali Mejias and Nick Couldry, "Data Grab: The New Colonialism of Big Tech and How to Fight Back" (U Chicago Press, 2024)
Dec 21, 2024
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Ulises Mejias, a Communication Studies professor, and Nick Couldry, a media and social theory expert, tackle the urgent issue of data colonialism in this thought-provoking discussion. They illuminate how Big Tech's data extraction mirrors historical colonial practices, disproportionately benefiting certain races while exploiting gig workers. The duo advocates for resistance, encouraging listeners to reconsider the implications of technology on labor dynamics and the environment. They emphasize the necessity of educating future generations to confront these pervasive issues head-on.
The extraction of personal data by Big Tech exemplifies modern data colonialism, paralleling historical practices of exploitation and control.
Gig workers face severe rights erosion and income instability due to algorithmic surveillance and exploitation within data-driven platforms.
Educational systems are impacted by data technologies that risk reducing creativity and perpetuating inequalities through oversimplified learning experiences.
Deep dives
The Emergence of Data Colonialism
Data colonialism is defined as the continuous extraction and exploitation of personal data for wealth generation and social control. Large technology companies collect vast amounts of information from various sources, including social media interactions, online shopping behaviors, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This collection often goes unnoticed by users, who are generally unaware of how their data can impact aspects of life such as insurance rates, health assessments, and even governmental decisions. Ultimately, this data can be used to surveil and control social lives, asserting significant power over individuals and communities.
Intersecting Histories: Data and Colonialism
The discussion draws parallels between historical colonial practices and modern data exploitation, using the four X's of colonialism: explore, expand, exploit, and exterminate. These stages reflect how contemporary technology firms seek to capture and control data in a way that mirrors the territorial conquests of historical colonial empires. Just as colonizers explored new lands for resources, tech companies survey personal data for profit. This framework highlights that today’s data territories possess similar dynamics of power and control, threatening existing social structures.
The Gig Economy as a Data Territory
The gig economy exemplifies a new form of labor driven largely by technology platforms that embody data colonialism. Gig workers are often subjected to algorithms that dictate their earnings, while simultaneously facing intense surveillance from the platforms they operate on. These conditions lead to a significant erosion of workers' rights and income stability, as companies capitalize on their dependence on these supportive ecosystems. This exploitation raises questions about the sustainability of gig work as a viable form of employment, as well as the ethical implications of such data-driven systems.
The Role of Education in Data Colonialism
Education systems are increasingly influenced by data-driven technologies, including the use of predictive analytics to monitor student performance. While tools like artificial intelligence can enhance learning, they also risk oversimplifying the educational experience and undermining creativity, as reliance on generated content grows. Studies indicate that students utilizing AI tools are less likely to retain knowledge compared to their peers who engage with traditional learning methods. This dependence on technology in education can perpetuate inequalities and alter the fundamental nature of knowledge acquisition.
Resistance Against Data Colonialism
To challenge data colonialism effectively, individuals and communities must engage in actions that work within, against, and beyond the existing systems of power. This includes advocating for regulatory changes that protect personal data rights and pushing back against the cultural narratives surrounding technology. Drawing inspiration from historical anti-colonial movements can help guide contemporary efforts, as can the promotion of alternative narratives from marginalized voices. Ultimately, envisioning a world where data is ethically used and protected requires collective action and imaginative resistance against prevailing paradigms.
In the present day, Big Tech is extracting resources from us, transferring and centralizing resources from people to companies. These companies are grabbing our most basic natural resources--our data--exploiting our labor and connections, and repackaging our information to control our views, track our movements, record our conversations, and discriminate against us. These companies tell us this is for our own good, to build innovation and develop new technology. But in fact, every time we unthinkingly click "Accept" on a set of Terms and Conditions, we allow our most personal information to be kept indefinitely, repackaged by companies to control and exploit us for their own profit.
In Data Grab: The New Colonialism of Big Tech and How to Fight Back (The University of Chicago Press, 2024), Ulises Mejias and Nick Couldry explain why postindustrial capitalism cannot be understood without colonialism, and why race is a critical factor in who benefits from data colonialism, just as it was for historic colonialism. In this searing, cutting-edge guide, Mejias and Couldry explore the concept of data colonialism, revealing how history can help us understand the emerging future--and how we can fight back.
Mention in this episode: Tierra Comun (English Version)
Ulises A. Mejias is professor of communication studies at the State University of New York at Oswego.
Nick Couldry is professor of media, communications, and social theory at the London School of Economics and Political Science and faculty associate at Harvard University’s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society.
Dr. Michael LaMagna is the Information Literacy Program & Library Services Coordinator and Professor of Library Services at Delaware County Community College.