Meritocracy, once seen as a means to equal opportunities, now perpetuates inequality and blocks social mobility.
Growing economic inequality in the US has led to a decline in social mobility and a concentration of wealth among the elite, leaving the middle class struggling to move up the economic ladder.
Deep dives
The Flaws of Meritocracy
The podcast episode delves into the flaws of meritocracy, challenging the widely accepted concept that individuals should be rewarded based on their own accomplishments rather than their social status or background. The guest, Daniel Markovitz, argues that while meritocracy initially aimed to break down caste barriers and provide equal opportunities, it has become a mechanism that perpetuates inequality and blocks social mobility. The discussion highlights how the elite, who have excelled under the meritocratic system, have created a cycle of privilege by meticulously training their children and investing heavily in their education, making it increasingly difficult for middle and working-class families to keep up.
Rising Inequality and the Disappearing Middle Class
The episode explores the growing inequality in the United States and the declining status of the middle class. While poverty rates have fallen, concentrated wealth has risen, with the top 1% of households now earning twice as much of the national income as they did in 1960. The middle class has borne the brunt of the decline in social mobility, with the odds of children becoming wealthier than their parents decreasing significantly. The discussion also delves into the changing nature of work, with the rich working longer hours and the wealthy deriving more income from labor rather than capital.
The Social Norms and Economic Effects of Inequality
The podcast episode explores how economic inequality permeates various aspects of society, influencing social norms and behaviors. It discusses the stark differences in out-of-wedlock births, divorce rates, and even exercise habits between the elite and the working class. The episode argues that economic inequality exacerbates existing gender hierarchies and causes profound demotion and exclusion within society. The adverse effects of inequality on health and life expectancy are also examined, revealing the systemic harm caused by structural exclusions and moral insults.
A Proposal for a One-Time Wealth Tax
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic fallout, the podcast episode proposes a one-time wealth tax as a means to address societal solidarity and shared sacrifice. The tax targets the top 5% of households with wealth over $2.5 million, excluding the first $2.5 million. By levying a tax on excess wealth, the proposal aims to provide funding for pandemic relief efforts while highlighting the responsibility of the most privileged to give back to society. The episode acknowledges the disparities and differential luck within the wealthy group but emphasizes the importance of collective action in times of crisis.
Sam Harris speaks with Daniel Markovits about the problems with meritocracy. They discuss the nature of inequality in the United States, the disappearance of the leisure class, the difference between labor and capital as sources of inequality, the way the education system amplifies inequality, the shrinking middle class, deaths of despair, differing social norms among the elite and the working class, the ethics of taxation, scales of philanthropy, universal basic income, the need for a wealth tax, the relationship between meritocracy and political polarization, the illusion of earned advantages, and other topics.
If the Making Sense podcast logo in your player is BLACK, you can SUBSCRIBE to gain access to all full-length episodes at samharris.org/subscribe.
Get the Snipd podcast app
Unlock the knowledge in podcasts with the podcast player of the future.
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode
Save any moment
Hear something you like? Tap your headphones to save it with AI-generated key takeaways
Share & Export
Send highlights to Twitter, WhatsApp or export them to Notion, Readwise & more
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode