A discussion on the failures of the 2019 Chilean social revolt, rise of neo-fascism, and lessons from Latin American revolts. Analysis of the 2021 Colombian uprising and the need for anti-capitalist measures. Reflections on strikes, pandemic impact, rejection of traditional politics, and calls for a new kind of party rooted in daily life.
Chilean social revolt led to new Constitution but later defeated by neo-fascist forces in power.
Rise of neo-fascism globally linked to Latin American revolts; question of why revolts didn't go further.
Importance of effective political organization, new forms of activism like neighborhood councils emerging from protests.
Deep dives
Latin American Revolts: Collective Memory and Sparks of Revolt
The recent wave of revolts in Latin America, exemplified by events in Chile and Colombia, resurfaces historical memories of class conflicts and past revolutionary movements. These revolts are fueled by socioeconomic crises that create fertile ground for mass uprisings. Urban segregation, a deepening class divide, and a crisis of legitimacy for political establishments contribute to the emergence of these revolts.
Challenges of Capitalism and Growing Neofascist Movements
The revolts highlight a crisis in social reproduction within capitalism, indicating economic decline, environmental degradation, and profound geopolitical shifts. The decline of traditional leftist movements and the rise of neofascist ideologies, responding conservatively to the crisis, exacerbates the political landscape. The emergence of a new right-wing movement reflects a stark response to the crisis, emphasizing authoritarianism and nationalistic fervor.
Strategic Lessons and Political Organization
The revolts underscore the importance of effective political organization to move beyond tactical defeats and advance strategic goals. The fragmented nature of the working class demands a reevaluation of traditional revolutionary party structures and a focus on new forms of political mediation. A transformative program challenging neoliberal norms and capitalist power structures is essential for addressing the roots of the crisis and shaping a progressive future.
Challenges in Advocating Revolutionary Demands
Revolutionary demands from traditional parties may not resonate with the evolving face of the working class due to a disconnect in resonance. New organizations like neighborhood councils, informal worker associations, and youth collectives are emerging from protests to channel organized movements. Social movement unionism and anti-authoritarian socialism are emphasized as critical aspects to shape future movements.
Shifts in Political Consciousness and the Role of Pandemic in Latin America
A shift in priorities due to the pandemic impacted the political consciousness in Latin America, affecting the demands and focus of protests. While the pandemic altered immediate concerns towards safety and survival, there is a continued rejection of establishment solutions and a push for fundamental change. The need for coherent, inclusive organizational structures beyond traditional party frameworks is highlighted for sustaining progressive movements.
Chilean writer and activist Pablo Abufom spoke at UCLA on February 23, 2024 about how the October 2019 social revolt in Chile propelled Gabriel Boric to power, created a Constituent Assembly to write a new Constitution, but was then defeated, with reactionary neo-fascist forces now ascendant. Pablo Abufom was deeply involved in the social protest movement of October 2019, and has been on this podcast many times to discuss and analyze the revolt, the failure of the constitutional process, and the demobilizing effects of the pandemic.
In this talk, Pablo attempts to explain larger political and social phenomena on a global scale from the Latin American experience. Why did the wave of revolts between 2018 and 2020 fail to go further, and what accounts for the rise of neo-fascism everywhere, most recently in Argentina?
Pablo asks what can we learn from the Latin American revolts of the last five years and admits it is a tragic question; we ask it after being defeated or at least after the revolts were paralyzed by the power of ruling elites amid Covid-19. Cesar Bowey Castillo adds to the discussion with his analysis of the 2021 Colombian uprising, looking at how the various fragments of the working class and urban poor mobilized there. Suzi comments on Pablo's understanding of how the struggle for a dignified life moved people into the streets spontaneously, what did or did not emerge in terms of organizational forms, and how he sees that perennial, historical question of leadership and political mediation.
Jacobin Radio with Suzi Weissman features conversations with leading thinkers and activists, with a focus on labor, the economy, and protest movements.
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