How To Prepare For Disappointment

The Discourses of Epictetus are a series of informal lectures written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD. The philosophy of Epictetus is intensely practical, directing students to focus on their opinions, anxieties, passions, and desires to distinguish what is within their control from what is not. The teachings aim to make people free and happy by living virtuously and 'according to nature. ' The Discourses cover a wide range of topics, including friendship, illness, fear, and poverty, and how to acquire and maintain tranquility. They are set in Epictetus' classroom in Nicopolis and reflect his earnest and often humorous style of teaching.

Plutarch's 'On Tranquility of Mind' is a philosophical essay exploring the nature of inner peace and how to achieve it. The work draws on Stoic principles, emphasizing the importance of self-control, acceptance of fate, and living in accordance with nature. Plutarch's writing style is characterized by its clarity, its practicality, and its insightful observations on human nature. The essay offers practical advice on how to cultivate inner peace and overcome adversity. 'On Tranquility of Mind' remains a valuable resource for understanding Stoic philosophy and its application to daily life.