Episode 559: MJA Podcasts 2024 Episode 18: a cardiology update exploring aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation
May 26, 2024
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Interventional cardiologist Professor Worthley and cardiac electrophysiologist Associate Professor Raju discuss aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation. Topics include advancements in aortic stenosis management, atrial fibrillation detection and management, empowering patients in healthcare decision-making, and tips for general practitioners on managing cardiovascular health.
Early detection and specialized referral are key in managing aortic stenosis effectively.
Stroke risk assessment and proactive screening are vital in treating atrial fibrillation.
Deep dives
Understanding Aortic Stenosis
Aortic stenosis, a condition where the heart's valve narrows and thickens, affects a significant number of elderly Australians, with over 10% of individuals in their 80s having this issue. The key risk factors for aortic stenosis include aging, high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes, but preventive measures are limited. Initial detection usually involves using a stethoscope to listen for a distinct murmur and confirming with an echocardiogram.
Treatment Options for Aortic Stenosis
Current treatment for severe aortic stenosis primarily involves surgical valve replacement or a minimally invasive transcatheter aortic valve implantation procedure. Although no lifestyle changes or medications have been established to halt the progression of aortic stenosis, advancements in treatment options like TAVI have significantly improved patient outcomes. Early detection and appropriate referral to specialists are crucial in managing aortic stenosis effectively.
Atrial Fibrillation Management
Atrial fibrillation, a prevalent heart rhythm disorder, often goes unnoticed until incidentally identified during routine medical assessments. Diagnosis requires an ECG, and proactive screening methods, including pulse checks, are being encouraged. Treatment decisions for atrial fibrillation involve stroke risk assessment using tools like the Chads Vasc score, prioritizing stroke prevention strategies, and considering various medical and interventional options to enhance patient well-being.