HN755: Optimizing Ethernet to Meet AI Infrastructure Demands
Oct 25, 2024
auto_awesome
Chris Kane from Arista Networks and Pete Lumbus from NVIDIA dive into the intricacies of Ethernet's role in AI infrastructure. They discuss how Ethernet needs to compete with InfiniBand, emphasizing the necessity for low latency and lossless networking for AI workloads. The duo also highlights the evolving challenges of distributed computing and GPU clusters, along with advanced networking techniques like RDMA. They shed light on the revolutionary impact of SmartNICs and DPUs, and how they enhance data transfer efficiency in modern data centers.
The optimization of Ethernet for AI workloads is crucial due to the need for low latency and lossless networking to avoid job disruptions.
Asynchronous communication challenges in AI significantly stress network performance, necessitating robust configurations to minimize delays and data loss.
The industry's shift from InfiniBand to Ethernet highlights the importance of flexibility and integration in designing infrastructures for AI workloads.
Deep dives
The Transition to Ethernet for AI Workloads
The podcast discusses the burgeoning need to adapt Ethernet as the network fabric for AI workloads, specifically those involving model training. Traditionally, Ethernet wasn't designed to handle the demands of AI, which requires low latency and lossless networking. Current efforts by ASIC makers and switch vendors focus on optimizing Ethernet to meet these requirements, addressing issues such as packet drops and retransmissions which can hinder performance. The shift to Ethernet is being driven by the desire for standardized, flexible solutions that can seamlessly integrate with existing infrastructures.
Understanding the Unique Demands of AI Workloads
AI workloads differ significantly from traditional data center workloads in that they require synchronous communication and collaboration among distributed components, particularly GPUs. A single AI job can stress the network for extended durations, leading to spikes in traffic that traditional networking setups struggle to manage. The reliance on collective processing means that if one component experiences delays or loss, the entire job can be affected, leading to dissatisfaction among engineers who monitor job completion times. As such, network engineers are focusing on minimizing the time spent on data transfer to achieve optimal outcomes.
The Challenges of Loss and Latency in AI Networks
Loss and latency present significant challenges in the optimization of Ethernet for AI applications. If data loss occurs during processing, AI jobs may need to restart from a prior checkpoint, increasing inefficiency. In some cases, as much as 50% of job time can be taken up just moving data across the network, which underlines the importance of monitoring inventory for delays. Addressing these issues involves configuring network settings, such as Quality of Service (QoS), to ensure that AI workloads do not suffer from the common pitfalls typically associated with standard Ethernet connections.
InfiniBand vs. Ethernet: Navigating the Options for AI Networking
While InfiniBand is a known lossless network protocol ideal for AI workloads, there is a growing movement to enhance Ethernet capabilities to fit similar roles. InfiniBand offers simplified management and guaranteed bandwidth, making it appealing for high-performance computing tasks, yet the industry is leaning toward Ethernet due to its flexibility and integration with existing technology setups. Vendors are employing technologies like RDMA over Ethernet to introduce lossless connectivity and control over congestion. Ultimately, the choice between InfiniBand and Ethernet depends on organizational needs, considering factors such as cost, scalability, and familiarity with the technology.
Future Considerations for AI Networking Infrastructure
As organizations design infrastructures to accommodate AI workloads, several considerations emerge centered around power, cooling, and overall resource allocation. The trend of moving away from oversubscription in network design necessitates a reevaluation of equipment density and power consumption, particularly in environments with high GPU utilization. Closed loop liquid cooling has gained traction as a method to manage heat output as equipment density increases, leading to enhanced efficiency in larger setups. Network engineers are now tasked with monitoring performance rigorously, ensuring that visibility and telemetry are optimized to address potential bottlenecks in these sophisticated systems.
Ethernet competes with InfiniBand as a network fabric for AI workloads such as model training. One issue is that AI jobs don’t tolerate latency, drops, and retransmits. In other words, AI workloads do best with a lossless network. And while Ethernet has kept up with increasing demands to support greater bandwidth and throughput, it was... Read more »
Get the Snipd podcast app
Unlock the knowledge in podcasts with the podcast player of the future.
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode
Save any moment
Hear something you like? Tap your headphones to save it with AI-generated key takeaways
Share & Export
Send highlights to Twitter, WhatsApp or export them to Notion, Readwise & more
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode