Dr. Olivia Austro discusses the danger of button battery ingestion in children. The podcast also covers C. difficile infection, ECG interpretation in toxicology, treatment for bed bug bites, fibrinogen replacement in trauma patients, and the use of cold air for croup.
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Quick takeaways
Early and empirical high-dose cryoprecipitate does not improve mortality in trauma patients, emphasizing the need to wait for fibrinogen levels before administering fibrinogen concentrate.
Button battery ingestion requires immediate medical attention and close monitoring for delayed complications, with interventions like honey or celecoxib potentially providing benefits within 12 hours.
Preventing bed bug infestations through proper storage and disposal of batteries, along with treatment options such as vacuuming or seeking help from exterminators, can reduce the risk of allergic reactions and secondary bacterial infections.
Deep dives
Fibrinogen Replacement in Trauma Patients: Lessons from the Cryostat-2 Trial
The Cryostat-2 trial studied the administration of cryoprecipitate for trauma patients and found that early and empirical high-dose cryoprecipitate did not improve all-cause 28-day mortality. The trial emphasizes the importance of waiting for fibrinogen levels before administering fibrinogen concentrate, and it reinforces the practice of not giving fibrinogen concentrate empirically. Clinicians should also be aware of the limitations of surrogate outcomes and the potential for unblinded trials to introduce bias in their interpretation of trial results.
Identifying and Treating Button Battery Ingestions
Button battery ingestions are dangerous and can lead to severe injuries or even death. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking immediate medical attention is crucial. If a child ingests a button battery, it is important to get a high suspicion of button battery ingestion on the differential diagnosis. While interventions like honey or celecoxib can be beneficial within 12 hours, it is still important to have a plan in place and remove the battery promptly. Close monitoring for delayed complications is essential, as symptoms can develop weeks to months after the battery has been removed.
Managing Bed Bug Infestations
Bed bug infestations can be problematic due to the risk of allergic reactions from their bites and the possibility of secondary bacterial infections. Prevention methods include storing batteries out of reach, taping batteries with duct tape or packing tape prior to disposal, and using drop-off depots. If infestation occurs, treatment options include vacuuming, using a steam cleaner, or seeking help from exterminators.
The Benefits of Cold Air in Croup Treatment
The case study analyzed the use of cold air as a treatment for croup and found that it provided short-term symptom relief and improved outcomes for patients. While cold air may not be a definitive solution, it can be a useful adjunct therapy for managing croup symptoms, particularly while waiting for other treatments to take effect.
Understanding C. Difficile Infection Treatment
C. difficile infection has become a growing concern, particularly in healthcare settings. The podcast episode discussed the use of dexamethasone, vancomycin, and fidaxomicin as treatment options for severe C. difficile infections. In most cases, waiting for a fiber-inogen level before administering fiber-inogen concentrate is recommended. It is important to address the risk of recurrence and to implement proper hygienic practices to prevent the spread of C. difficile infection.
Olivia Ostrow on the management of button battery ingestions, Brit Long on C difficile infection, Jesse McLaren on an approach to ECG's in the tox patient, Joe Mullally on the identification and treatment of bed bug bites, Andrew Petrosoniak on fibrinogen replacement in bleeding trauma patients, Justin Morganstern on Cold Air for Croup... https://emergencymedicinecases.com/donation/
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