Intubation Essentials with Dr. Alyssa Stoner and Dr. Gina Patel, Part 6 Neuromuscular Blockade
Aug 5, 2021
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Dr. Alyssa Stoner and Dr. Gina Patel discuss the importance of Su-Gamidex and medication requirements for intubation. They compare Neuromuscular Blockade medications like Vecuronium, Rocuronium, and succinylcholine and emphasize the timing of administration. The podcast also covers the differences between succinylcholine and rocuronium, the use of sugamadex as a reversal agent, sedation strategies, and institutional preferences for NICU rotations.
Rockuronium is preferred over Succinylcholine in the ICU due to its shorter duration and availability of sugamadex for reversal.
Different medication combinations are recommended for intubation based on clinical scenarios, including options for difficult airways and acute pulmonary edema.
Deep dives
Neuromuscular blockade: The choice between Vecuronium and Rockuronium
When deciding on a neuromuscular blockade agent, the podcast highlights the two main choices: Vecuronium and Rockuronium. While succinylcholine is commonly used in operating rooms and emergency departments, it has side effects that make it less favorable in the ICU. Rockuronium is a shorter-acting option compared to Vecuronium, which can last up to 45 minutes to an hour. Both medications take about a minute to be effective. The podcast recommends continuing bag-mask ventilation until the paralytic is truly effective, around the one-minute mark. The availability of sugamadex as a reversal agent for Rockuronium makes it a more preferred option in the ICU.
Side effects of succinylcholine and the emergence of sugamadex
While succinylcholine has quick onset and offset, it is associated with several side effects, including an increase in potassium, malignant hyperthermia, increased intracranial pressure, and increased ocular pressures. The availability of sugamadex, a reversal agent, has made succinylcholine less favorable. Sugamadex effectively reverses the paralytic effects and is known for its rapid action, working within minutes. However, it can stay in the system for up to 24 hours, potentially affecting subsequent doses. Nevertheless, sugamadex provides an important option for managing difficult airways, as it allows for rapid reversal in case intubation is unsuccessful.
Medication combinations for intubation in different clinical scenarios
The podcast discusses various medication combinations for intubation in different clinical scenarios. For patients with hypoxic respiratory failure, a recommended regimen includes fentanyl, midazolam, and rockuronium. In septic patients, a similar combination with a lower dose of midazolam is suggested. In cases where there are concerns about increased intracranial pressure, the use of lidocaine as a pretreatment, combined with etomidate and rockuronium, is recommended. For difficult airway cases, a combination of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and intubation without immediate use of a paralytic agent is suggested, with input from anesthesia or ENT colleagues. Lastly, in cases of acute pulmonary edema, a straightforward propofol and paralytic combination can provide adequate sedation and control of secretions.
Dr. Alyssa Stoner is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine and practicing pediatric intensivist at Children's Mercy Kansas City. Dr. Gina Patel is a fellow in pediatric critical care at Children's Mercy Kansas City.
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Objectives
The participant will compare and contrast various medications for an induction plan for intubation, highlighting the pros and cons for each medication.
The participant will appropriate describe a medication plan for induction based upon the clinical scenario provided
The participant will accurately describe the procedure for rapid sequence intubation including the administration of the medication.
How to support PedsCrit: Please complete our Listener Feedback Survey Please rate and review on Spotify and Apple Podcasts! Donations are appreciated @PedsCrit on Venmo , you can also support us by becoming a patron on Patreon. 100% of funds go to supporting the show.
Thank you for listening to this episode of PedsCrit. Please remember that all content during this episode is intended for educational and entertainment purposes only. It should not be used as medical advice. The views expressed during this episode by hosts and our guests are their own and do not reflect the official position of their institutions. If you have any comments, suggestions, or feedback-you can email us at pedscritpodcast@gmail.com. Check out http://www.pedscrit.comfor detailed show notes. And visit @critpeds on twitter and @pedscrit on instagram for real time show updates.
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