“Some articles in ‘International Security’ that I enjoyed” by Buck
Feb 16, 2025
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Explore the fascinating influence of the Catholic Church on historical ethno-religious cleansing, revealing its power struggles with local monarchies. Dive into how these historical dynamics resonate in today's international relations. The discussion also contrasts past monarchies with the modern geopolitical landscape, examining the lasting impact of pivotal events like World War II. Unpack the complexities of U.S.-China relations in light of these intricate power dynamics.
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Quick takeaways
The historical dynamics between the Catholic Church and local monarchies illustrate how power struggles, rather than just religious zeal, shaped ethno-religious cleansing in Western Europe.
The current bipolar international order emphasizes the significant rise of China as a great power, showcasing a shift in global influence compared to past powers like the Soviet Union.
Deep dives
Power Dynamics in Religious Persecution
The dynamics of ethno-religious cleansing in Western Europe from the 11th to 16th century reveal significant power struggles between the Catholic Church and local monarchies. The Church, aiming to consolidate its power, often pressured kings to persecute religious minorities, as these groups did not recognize the Church's authority. Notably, Jews experienced less persecution in territories directly ruled by the Pope compared to those under local monarchs. This shifting landscape of power highlights how historical events were driven by underlying motivations for authority and control rather than mere religious zealotry.
The Modern Bipolar World Order
The current international order is increasingly characterized as bipolar, primarily defining the United States and China as the prevailing great powers. Historical comparisons show that by traditional metrics such as military expenditure, GDP, and global influence, China outperforms many past great powers, including the Soviet Union. Notably, while the Soviet Union maintained a significant military budget relative to its GDP, China allocates a smaller percentage, suggesting a more sustainable model of growth and military capability. This understanding reshapes discussions around global power dynamics and highlights the evolving nature of international relations.
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Power Dynamics in Historical Ethno-Religious Cleansing
A friend of mine recently recommended that I read through articles from the journal International Security, in order to learn more about international relations, national security, and political science. I've really enjoyed it so far, and I think it's helped me have a clearer picture of how IR academics think about stuff, especially the core power dynamics that they think shape international relations.
Here are a few of the articles I most enjoyed.
"Not So Innocent" argues that ethnoreligious cleansing of Jews and Muslims from Western Europe in the 11th-16th century was mostly driven by the Catholic Church trying to consolidate its power at the expense of local kingdoms. Religious minorities usually sided with local monarchs against the Church (because they definitionally didn't respect the church's authority, e.g. they didn't care if the Church excommunicated the king). So when the Church was powerful, it was incentivized to pressure kings [...]