Ep 252 - ECMO in Trauma with Chris Bishop at Tactical Trauma 24
Dec 4, 2024
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Chris Bishop, a clinical research fellow at the Centre for Trauma Sciences, dives deep into veno-arterial ECMO and its critical role in trauma situations. He discusses current practices and challenges in the adoption of ECMO, compared to its more established pediatric use. The conversation highlights patient selection criteria and the importance of multidisciplinary decision-making. Innovative techniques like selective aortic arch perfusion and emergency preservation are explored, showcasing the future of trauma resuscitation in critical care.
ECMO serves as a critical support mechanism for trauma patients, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary decision-making in their treatment.
Emerging techniques like selective aortic arch perfusion are being developed to enhance ECMO's effectiveness and improve patient outcomes during trauma care.
Deep dives
Understanding ECMO and Its Applications
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is an advanced life support therapy that acts as an artificial heart and lung for critically ill patients. It involves removing blood from the body, oxygenating it, and returning it, allowing for support of both cardiac and respiratory functions. There are two primary types of ECMO: VA ECMO for patients with heart failure and VV ECMO for those with lung failure. The discussion highlights how ECMO is especially relevant in trauma patients who have undergone damage control surgery and require further support due to cardiovascular failure.
Challenges in Implementing ECMO in Trauma Care
Despite the potential benefits, there is significant hesitance within the adult medical community regarding the use of ECMO for trauma patients, largely due to a lack of extensive evidence and concerns over coagulopathy. Only around 230 cases of VA ECMO for trauma have been documented globally, leading to a cautious approach among clinicians. Many fear that anticoagulation required for the ECMO process may exacerbate bleeding in already compromised trauma patients. This has led to the development of multidisciplinary trauma shock calls to identify suitable patients who could benefit from ECMO while managing bleeding control and systemic perfusion.
Innovative Techniques and Future Prospects
The podcast discusses emerging techniques and innovative methods to enhance ECMO applications in trauma care. Notably, strategies like selective aortic arch perfusion and emergency preservation and resuscitation (EPR) are being explored to improve patient outcomes during critical injuries. These techniques aim to optimize perfusion to vital organs and provide surgeons with additional time to treat traumatic injuries effectively. As advancements in ECMO continue, the interest in its potential for supporting patients with severe trauma and optimizing neurological outcomes is expected to grow.
In this episode of the St Emlyn's podcast, hosts Iain Beardsell and Liz Crowe are joined by Chris Bishop, a clinical research fellow at the Centre for Trauma Sciences at Queen Mary University of London. Chris discusses his PhD research on veno-arterial ECMO support for cardiogenic shock following major trauma haemorrhage and explains the principles and applications of ECMO, particularly in trauma patients. The conversation covers the current practices, challenges, and future directions in the use of ECMO for trauma care, including multidisciplinary decision-making, patient selection criteria, and pioneering techniques like selective aortic arch perfusion and emergency preservation and resuscitation.
00:00 Introduction
01:12 Understanding ECMO and Its Applications
02:20 ECMO in Trauma Patients
04:17 Challenges and Resistance in ECMO Adoption
05:36 Current Research and Practices
11:31 Future Directions in Trauma Resuscitation
13:28 Conclusion
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