In 1939, a Nazi rally in Madison Square Garden sparked fierce opposition from brave individuals like Isidore Greenbaum, who confronted the crowd's hate. Journalist Dorothy Thompson, expelled from Nazi Germany, became a vocal critic of fascism, rallying Americans against extremist ideologies. The German-American Bund's propaganda event showcased disturbing support for fascism, but it faced significant backlash. Anti-fascist protests not only challenged these hateful gatherings but ultimately led to a decline in the Bund's influence as resistance against fascism grew.
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Quick takeaways
The 1939 Nazi rally in Madison Square Garden highlighted the concerning presence of fascism in America, with widespread public dissent emerging against it.
Isidore Greenbaum's courageous protest against the Nazis and Dorothy Thompson's journalistic efforts exemplified the fight against anti-Semitism and extremism during this era.
Deep dives
Resistance at Madison Square Garden
On the evening of February 20, 1939, a significant rally hosted by the German-American Bund took place at Madison Square Garden, attracting support for Nazi ideals. Amongst the crowd was Isidore Greenbaum, a Jewish American plumber, who felt compelled to react against the hate speeches that filled the air. In a bold move, he surged onto the stage, silencing the leader, Fritz Kuhn, momentarily and declaring his opposition to Hitler before being tackled by security. This act of defiance was mirrored outside the venue, where thousands protested the rally, making it clear that many Americans opposed the fascist sentiments being expressed inside the hall.
The Journalist's Stand Against Fascism
Dorothy Thompson, an American journalist expelled from Nazi Germany, stood as a key voice against the rising fascist rhetoric of the period. After witnessing the hateful rally, she transitioned from observing to participating in the protests outside Madison Square Garden, showcasing her unwavering commitment to challenging fascism. Thompson's extensive journalism highlighted the dangers of growing anti-Semitism and fascism, earning her a prominent platform as she warned America of similar ideologies gaining traction. Her efforts illuminated the potential for fascist groups like the German-American Bund to gain influence, advocating for vigilance against such extremist movements in the United States.
Aftermath and Legacy of the Rally
The rally ultimately did not bolster the influence of the German-American Bund as expected, with their membership flatlining in the wake of widespread public opposition. Following the event, authorities investigated Fritz Kuhn, unearthing his embezzlement of funds and leading to his imprisonment during World War II. Meanwhile, Isidore Greenbaum's act of protest resulted in a fine, yet he remained resolute in his fight against fascism, enlisting in the Navy when America entered the war. This evening of resistance at Madison Square Garden highlighted a pivotal moment in American history where a convergence of bravery and public dissent challenged the spread of fascist ideologies.
February 20, 1939. Thinly disguised as “a mass demonstration for true Americanism”, a Nazi rally takes place in Madison Square Garden, where 20,000 people cheer the rise of Adolf Hitler and spout anti-Semitic rhetoric.
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