Charles M. Stang on the Divine Double in Late Antiquity
Sep 8, 2021
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Charles M. Stang, expert on the divine twin in Late Antiquity, discusses the idea of the divine double and its presence in religious and philosophical thought. The podcast explores texts such as the gospel of Thomas, Plotinus, and Manicism, highlighting the tension between acknowledging the structure of everything and the exhortation to live a certain way. It also explores the influence of Christian strategies on late antique religious practices and discusses the concept of twin companions in Manichaeism. The podcast delves into the cultural origins of the divine double in Iranian religious influences and second temple Judaism.
The concept of the Divine Double, a divine counterpart or alter ego, was present in diverse religious and philosophical literature of the ancient Mediterranean, highlighting the idea of humans becoming increasingly divine.
The book 'Our Divine Double' by Charles M. Stang explores the tradition of the Divine Double, sheds light on its importance in various religious and philosophical texts, and suggests it may be a recurring structure of the self across time and space.
Deep dives
The Divine Double in Second and Third Century Literature
In the second and third century, there was a surge of interest in the concept of the Divine Double, a divine counterpart or alter ego that each individual possessed. This idea was present in diverse religious and philosophical literature of the ancient Mediterranean, including Christian, Manichaean, and Platonic texts. The book 'Our Divine Double' by Charles M. Stang delves into this concept. Stang argues that the Divine Double presents a coherent understanding of the self that transcends religious and philosophical traditions. According to this understanding, the self is not singular but constituted as a bi unity or one and two. In order to encounter the reality of this proper self, one must be initiated through an encounter or visit by the Divine Double and embark on a journey of conforming to it. This forgotten chapter in the history of mysticism highlights the idea of humans becoming increasingly divine.
Retrieving the Tradition of the Divine Double
One of the main objectives of Stang's book is to retrieve the tradition of the Divine Double from obscurity. Central texts associated with this tradition, such as the Gospel of Thomas, suffered from being labeled heterodox, causing them to fall out of circulation and favor. Stang's research sheds light on the importance of these texts and their relationship to the broader religious and philosophical landscape of the time. Along with the Gospel of Thomas, Stang explores the relevance of the Divine Double in Platonism, Manichaeism, and other Gnostic texts. He highlights the tension between Pauline Christianity and the Gospel of Thomas, as well as the tension within Platonism between the apparent lack of agency in awakening the higher self and the exhortative aspect of living in accordance with this realization.
The Twinning Concept in Manichaeism
Within the context of Manichaeism, the concept of the Divine Double takes a unique form. Mani, the founder of Manichaeism, claimed to be the latest incarnation of a figure that has appeared throughout history to reveal the religion of light. Mani experienced an encounter with a celestial being known as the Sitzigos, described as a twin or companion. While there is evidence of the Divine Double concept in various second temple Jewish texts, its presence in Manichaeism is not universally explicit. The overwhelming success of Manichaeism as a missionary movement, coupled with its distinctive mythology surrounding the Divine Double, showcases the significance of this tradition within the belief system.
Multiple Expressions of the Divine Double
Throughout the book, Stang acknowledges that the Divine Double concept extends beyond the discussed traditions and continues into other religious and philosophical systems. However, due to limitations of the sources and the focus of the book, certain traditions such as Kabbalah and Islamic mysticism (Sufism) are not extensively explored. Stang acknowledges the presence of the Divine Double in various texts, including those of Clement of Alexandria and the Dead Sea Scrolls, but leaves these areas open for further investigation. The presence of the Divine Double concept in different cultural and historical contexts suggests that it may be considered a perennial structure of the self, recurring across time and space.
We discuss the motif of the divine twin, angelic counterpart, personal daimōn, and other forms of higher, divine self with Charles Stang. We may not be who we think we are, but that's good news.
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