Airways That Scare Me - Respiratory Instability w Robi Khemani
Jul 11, 2024
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In this engaging talk, Robi Khemani, a leading expert on pediatric respiratory disorders from Children's Hospital LA, dives into the challenges of managing respiratory unstable patients. He delves into the complexities of peri-intubation risks and highlights the roles of newer drugs and devices that complicate decision-making. The discussion emphasizes the importance of teamwork in high-pressure situations, innovative non-invasive ventilation strategies, and the ongoing need for vigilance in monitoring patient conditions. A must-listen for anyone in pediatric critical care!
Airway management extends beyond intubation; focusing on patient stability and continuous heart function during the peri-intubation period is crucial.
Identifying high-risk patients, such as those with ARDS, relies on evaluating their oxygen saturation and respiratory effort before intubation.
The integration of advanced non-invasive ventilation techniques requires careful decision-making to avoid harm from delaying necessary intubation for deteriorating patients.
Deep dives
Peri-Intubation Risks and Strategies
Airway management involves not just the act of intubation but also managing patient stability throughout the peri-intubation period. Ensuring continuous heart function during intubation is crucial, as stopping a heartbeat for the procedure is not considered successful. New evidence suggests that strategies like pre-recruitment, apneic oxygenation, and apneic ventilation can improve outcomes for patients with compromised lungs. This paradigm shift requires healthcare professionals to adapt their approaches to ensure better oxygenation and stability before and during intubation.
Identifying High-Risk Patients
Patients with severe respiratory distress, such as those suffering from ARDS, present unique challenges due to their high oxygen demand and low functional residual capacity. Identifying these high-risk patients hinges on evaluating factors like oxygen saturation and respiratory effort before intubation. Close attention to hypoxemia and increased work of breathing can guide clinicians in deciding when to escalate care, including intubation. Implementing a systematic approach to assess these patients can enhance targeted interventions and improve outcomes.
Nuanced Approaches to Non-Invasive Ventilation
The increasing use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) techniques has opened up discussions on when to transition to intubation, complicating decision-making for clinicians. With advancements in ventilation options, including high-flow and NIV, physicians must carefully assess each patient’s response to treatment before making further interventions. There is a risk of causing harm by delaying intubation for patients who need it, as prolonged NIV may lead to deteriorating conditions. A shift in focus is necessary to ensure patient safety while optimizing respiratory support.
Monitoring Patient Response and Outcomes
Continuous monitoring and assessment of patient response during treatment are vital for effective airway management. Establishing a protocol for frequent evaluations, including checking vital signs and oxygenation levels, can help clinicians recognize when to intervene. The trajectory of improvement or deterioration significantly influences decision-making about intubation and other interventions. Engaging the multidisciplinary team, including nurses and respiratory therapists, fosters collaborative care and enhances patient safety throughout the process.
The Role of Sedation and Intervention Timing
The timing of interventions, including sedation during intubation, plays a critical role in patient outcomes, particularly for those with severe respiratory distress. More clinicians are adopting sedation techniques for patients undergoing non-invasive ventilation, reflecting a shift in earlier practices that forbade sedation due to concerns over aspiration. The effectiveness of methods like apneic oxygenation can be enhanced by judicious sedation practices, addressing the need for comfort while maintaining respiratory effort. Understanding the appropriate context and timing for these interventions is fundamental to improving care delivery.
This season is about airway management or airways that scare me and this episode, we discuss the respiratory unstable patient or the patient who's a "physiologically difficult airway" because they have bad lungs. We were incredibly lucky to have the amazing Robi Khemani from CHLA, a world expert on respiratory disorders in #pedsICU, join us and be able to share his thoughts.
It's not just about putting the tube in, it's about that whole high risk period of peri intubation. And with better drugs and devices we've opened a big space between low flow oxygen and invasive ventilation which makes decision making trickier.
Here we focus on that difficult decision making and the patients that really scare us. If you haven't heard it yet, our previous episode on team, environment, and equipment is very relevant here.
Featuring special guest Robinder Khemani from Children's Hospital LA and regular hosts @drpetaalexander @BostonChildrens @drgregkelly @SCHNkids and @Karen_Choong @MCH_childrens
No time to listen or want to participate in the discusion? You can find a full Tweetorial of this episode on Twitter @pedsintensiva and our website here https://pedsintensiva.com
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