How Democracies Die . . . and How They May Survive with Daniel Ziblatt
Feb 27, 2024
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The podcast discusses the role of conservative parties in democracies like the UK and Germany, contrasting them with the US. It explores the need for institutional reform to strengthen democracy and highlights the importance of civil society mobilization in preserving democratic values.
Conservative parties' commitment to democracy stabilizes democracies.
Mobilizing civil society is crucial to preserve democracy and make it more resilient.
Deep dives
Comparing the Threat of Democratic Backsliding in the United States
The concern surrounding populism and democratic backsliding, particularly in the United States, is a significant global topic. Due to the US's immense power, uncertainties arise for both adversaries and allies. Comparisons are drawn between the US, other nations, and its historical challenges to discern its current situation and predict future democratic outcomes.
The Concerns Post-Trump Presidency
Post-Trump presidency, predictions about the US face uncertainty regarding the stability of its democracy. The book 'How Democracies Die' serves as a warning about potential democratic declines and the identification of warning signs within the US system. Despite challenges and potential scenarios, the current state suggests an unstable democracy with underlying resilience but facing significant threats and dysfunction.
The Role of Conservative Parties in Democratic Stability
Historical accounts of conservative parties in Britain and Germany emphasize their critical role in stabilizing democracy. The ability of conservative parties to adapt, comply, and sustain power contributes to the overall stability of democracies. Contrasting outcomes in Britain and Germany highlight the significance of conservative commitment to democratic principles for a functional and enduring democratic system.
Institutional Reform and Democratic Resilience
In the US, the unique constitutional framework poses challenges to democratic reform and resilience. The presence of undemocratic institutions like the electoral college, Senate composition, and lifetime tenure for Supreme Court justices hinder majority rule and democratic progress. Proposals for institutional reform aim to democratize the system, align it with global democratic standards, and address underlying societal issues effectively.
In this episode of International Horizons, RBI director John Torpey interviews Daniel Ziblatt, Eaton Professor of the Science of Government at Harvard University and co-author (with Steven Levitsky) of the bestsellers How Democracies Die(Crown, 2019) and The Tyranny of the Minority (Crown, 2023).
Ziblatt emphasizes the crucial role played by conservative parties that were committed to democracy in the United Kingdom and Germany and reflects on what makes democracy in the United States less prone to backsliding than these and other twentieth-century cases. Focusing on the arguments in The Tyranny of the Minority, Ziblatt discusses the need for profound change in American institutions to “democratize democracy” and make it more resilient. He stresses the vital importance of mobilizing civil society to preserve democracy, of which he sees optimistic signs in the recent American and German past.