The Incubator #386 - 🟢 HOT TOPICS 2025 COVERAGE - How Does Maternal Air Pollution Exposure Affect the Infant Microbiome?
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Dec 8, 2025 
Dr. Divya Keerthy, an attending neonatologist specializing in infant studies, presents groundbreaking research on how maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons influences the infant microbiome. Her study utilized unconventional methods like backpack monitors. Dr. Katherine Nyman, also a neonatologist, discusses the Tiny Baby Collaborative, emphasizing challenges in managing PDAs in extremely premature infants. Both experts highlight the need for more research on moderate preemies, who form a significant part of NICU populations.
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Maternal Air Pollution Study
- Divya Keerthy presented her fellowship project measuring third-trimester maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using backpacks and silicone wristbands.
- She linked those prenatal exposures to differences in the infant meconium microbiome and later tracked changes longitudinally over six months.
Air Pollutants Alter Microbiome Trajectory
- Longitudinal sampling showed microbiome changes across three time points in the first six months of life.
- Two specific air pollutants were associated with altered microbiome trajectories over that period.
Returning To Hot Topics For Early Evidence
- Katherine Nyman attends Hot Topics to preview trials and network, having come as a trainee previously.
- She values reconnecting with colleagues and learning emerging evidence before formal publication.