Exegetically Speaking Raised or Immortalized, with John Walton: Daniel 12:2-3
Aug 5, 2024
John Walton, an Old Testament scholar and Professor Emeritus at Wheaton College, dives into the complexities of Daniel 12:2-3. He challenges the interpretation of this passage as a resurrection text, suggesting it rather speaks to the moral lessons encoded in the stars. Walton proposes that everlasting life is about being remembered in stories rather than a literal afterlife. He also explores how historical context has shifted the understanding of this passage over time, questioning long-held doctrinal beliefs.
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Daniel Echoes Isaiah But Diverges
- Daniel 12:2–3 uses language drawn from Isaiah 26 and seems to present separate destinies for groups rather than a clear bodily resurrection doctrine.
- The text's terms (sleeping in dust, awakening, shame, everlasting contempt) function differently than later resurrection theology.
'Wise' And 'Heavens' Raise A Puzzle
- The terms 'wise' and 'lead many to righteousness' create interpretive puzzles not solved by a simple resurrection reading.
- Asking how heavens and stars 'lead to righteousness' reveals the passage's symbolic layer.
Constellations As Moral Storytellers
- 'Heavens' and 'stars' refer to constellations that tell moral stories across cultures, not literal astral rewarders.
- Constallations function pedagogically by enshrining heroes and villains as moral exemplars.
