In this episode of the Reducing Crime podcast, host Jerry Ratcliffe interviews Dr. Ella Cockbain, an Associate Professor in the Department of Security and Crime Science at University College London. They discuss the challenges of tackling human trafficking, labor exploitation, and sexual exploitation. Dr. Cockbain highlights the complexities and misconceptions surrounding trafficking, emphasizing the need for accurate definitions and evidence-based responses. She also discusses the unintended consequences of legislation and policies aimed at combating trafficking, which can inadvertently harm vulnerable populations. The conversation touches on the role of law enforcement, the importance of engaging with sex worker organizations, and the need for comprehensive research to inform effective strategies.