Chinese Whispers Life on the margins: how China's rural deprivation curbs its success
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Mar 4, 2024 Exploring the disparities between rural and urban populations in China, despite efforts to eliminate extreme poverty. Professor Scott Rozelle discusses the challenges faced by rural residents, including education, health, and living standards. The conversation delves into policies addressing rural poverty, the shift towards county hukous, and strategies for economic growth through education and employment opportunities.
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Defining Rural China
- There are two definitions of "rural" in China: one based on the census and the other on the Hukou (residency permit) system.
- About 65% of Chinese citizens, roughly 900 million people, hold a rural Hukou and are subject to different social policies and rules.
Census vs. Hukou
- The National Bureau of Statistics' figures reflect where people were during the census, not their permanent residence.
- Many rural residents work in cities but maintain their rural Hukou, affecting access to services like education and healthcare.
Regional and Educational Disparities
- Regional disparities exist within rural China, with coastal areas generally having better conditions than central and western regions.
- Only 30% of China's labor force has attended high school, with significant differences between urban and rural populations.