Goat milk-based infant formula: niche formula or mainstream option? (Episode 187)
Feb 20, 2025
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Ari Brown, a board-certified pediatrician and author of the Baby 411 series, discusses the rising popularity of goat milk-based infant formula since endorsements from the FDA and AAP. She explains the nutritional benefits of goat milk over cow milk, emphasizing safety and digestibility. Brown warns against the dangers of homemade formulas and shares insights from her experience in the formula industry. The conversation highlights the broader implications of goat milk formulas for infant nutrition, making a case for their mainstream acceptance.
Goat milk-based infant formula, now endorsed by the FDA and AAP, is increasingly recognized as a safe and effective nutrition option for infants in the U.S.
The rise of homemade goat milk formulas during the 2022 shortage highlights the critical need for regulated, commercially safe options to ensure infant health.
Deep dives
Cultural Shift Towards Goat Milk-Based Formula
Goat milk-based infant formula is becoming a more mainstream option in the U.S., largely due to recent endorsements from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the FDA. Historically viewed as an alternative, its acceptance has changed significantly since the 2023 guidelines, which recognize it as a safe and effective first-line option for infants. This shift was propelled by the 2022 infant formula shortage that highlighted the need for diversified feeding options and the increasing popularity of goat milk worldwide. The AAP’s updated nutrition handbook includes goat milk formula as a perfectly acceptable choice, emphasizing its viability for adequate infant growth and nutrition.
Nutritional Profile and Digestibility
Goat milk-based formulas are crafted to meet all nutritional standards outlined in the Infant Formula Act, incorporating necessary macronutrients and micronutrients. The proteins in goat milk are more biochemically similar to breast milk, leading to improved digestibility for many infants. Research indicates that goat milk's protein structure allows for faster transit times through the digestive system, which can reduce gastrointestinal discomfort commonly associated with cow milk formulas. Additionally, the higher diversity of oligosaccharides in goat milk supports the gut microbiome, contributing to its overall tolerability.
Safety Concerns with Homemade Formulas
The 2022 formula shortage led to an alarming rise in homemade goat milk formulas, which pose significant safety risks for infants. Concerns center around inadequate nutritional content and the potential for contamination, as commercial formulas undergo rigorous testing to ensure safety and efficacy. Pediatricians urge parents to avoid DIY formulas and instead choose regulated commercial options that meet safety standards. An increased emphasis on professional guidance and understanding the supply chain of infant formula can help families make informed decisions, ensuring that their children receive safe and nutritious products.
Sine 2023, both the FDA and AAP have supported the use of goat milk-based infant formula, but awareness of this option still lags and many think of it as a niche product. Ari Brown, MD, a board-certified practicing pediatrician in Austin, Texas, the author of the best-selling Baby 411 book series, and Kabrita’s Chief Medical Advisor, teaches us more about why families would choose a goat milk-based formula and the safety data behind its use in the US. Dr. Brown also gives us a great review of all of components of formula and what we should be looking for in the ingredients. In this episode, we also discuss the risks of homemade infant formula, raw milk, and unregulated formula, and Dr. Brown shares her experience in working in both the formula industry and in her pediatric clinic.
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