Debates on charity focus on financial aid versus self-sufficiency. Cotton Mather's unorthodox views and Franklin/Carnegie's strategic philanthropy are discussed. Carnegie emphasizes narrowing wealth disparity through philanthropy and educational endowments.
Charitable giving has shifted from mere handouts to empowering individuals through self-help and skill-building programs.
Philanthropic strategies aim to create lasting societal benefits, emphasizing meritocracy and individual progress over indiscriminate almsgiving.
Deep dives
Evolution of Charitable Giving
Throughout history, charitable giving has evolved from direct help for the poor such as almsgiving to a more strategic approach. Cotton Mather, a Puritan minister, emphasized the importance of addressing idleness in both benefactors and recipients of charity. Benjamin Franklin built upon this idea with a focus on organizational philanthropy, fostering community improvements through public initiatives and programs.
Shift Towards Self-Help
Franklin's approach shifted charitable activities from simple almsgiving to encouraging self-help. He believed that teaching practical skills like shaving could have a greater impact on an individual's life than a monetary handout. This marked a departure from traditional views on charity and aligned with the idea of offering a 'hand up' rather than a 'handout'.
Philanthropic Strategy and Meritocracy
Andrew Carnegie's philanthropic philosophy, outlined in the 'Gospel of Wealth,' focused on strategic benefactions that created lasting advantages for society. He emphasized the importance of meritocracy and self-improvement over indiscriminate almsgiving. Carnegie's approach sought to elevate the deserving through initiatives like endowing colleges and libraries, contributing to the social welfare of communities while promoting individual progress.
Some people say that you don’t help the poor by giving them money, but by giving them opportunities to earn money. This is behind the periodic campaigns to limit welfare benefits in order to encourage work. But is a handout necessarily different from a hand-up? In this episode of the Chicago Booth Review podcast, Chicago Booth’s John Paul Rollert reflects on how we think about helping the poor and charitable giving. https://www.chicagobooth.edu/review/whats-matter-handouts
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