801: Merged LLMs Are Smaller And More Capable, with Arcee AI's Mark McQuade and Charles Goddard
Jul 16, 2024
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Mark McQuade and Charles Goddard from Arcee AI discuss merging LLMs efficiently, using MergeKit and evolutionary algorithms. They explore commercial applications, compare MoE vs. MoA, and highlight the advantages of smaller language models. The podcast also covers the Spectrum Project for efficient training and the future of SLMs.
Model merging allows for combining multiple LLMs without increasing size, enhancing efficiency.
Evolutionary model merging optimizes performance parameters, demonstrating cost efficiencies and domain-specific capabilities.
Utilizing specific modules for training in Spectrum accelerates model training by 40-50%, optimizing performance.
Deep dives
Model Merging and its Advantages in AI
Model merging, a technique discussed in the podcast, involves combining pre-trained weights of neural networks into a single network that captures the strengths of multiple networks. This technique allows for superior performance without increasing model size, making it cost-effective and efficient for training various language models efficiently. By targeting specific modules of the network to train while freezing others, model merging eliminates the need to train language models from scratch each time, offering significant advantages in terms of cost savings and improved performance.
Evolutionary Model Merging and Thomson Reuters Case Study
The podcast also highlights the concept of evolutionary model merging, where the evolutionary algorithm CMAES is used to optimize parameters for maximizing model performance. An example shared from Thomson Reuters showcases the successful implementation of a 7 billion parameter model trained and fine-tuned with evolutionary model merging. The results demonstrated improved model performance, cost efficiencies, and domain-specific capabilities, making proprietary models redundant in certain applications, while saving significant costs for companies.
Mixture of Experts and Sparse Upcycling Techniques
The discussion expands to the concept of Mixture of Experts (MOE) models, with insights on how these models route specific queries to expert components within the model architecture. The technique of sparse upcycling, leveraging sparse models for specific queries, is highlighted as a merging method in the podcast. This approach, implemented in MergeKit, allows for transforming smaller models into larger, sophisticated MOE models, proving beneficial for enhancing model capabilities and optimizing performance for diverse tasks.
Efficient Training Methods with Spectrum
Spectrum provides an efficient training mechanism, enabling models to be trained 40-50% faster and cheaper by targeting specific layer modules and their signal-to-noise ratio. By freezing specific modules during training, Spectrum allows for more efficient training processes without sacrificing model performance.
Transition to Specialized, Small Language Models with RC Cloud
RC Cloud offers a SAS platform for training and merging language models, providing a convenient and efficient alternative to in-company VPC deployments. The shift towards smaller, specialized language models (SLMs) like the 7 billion parameter RC Spark model emphasizes cost-effective and powerful solutions tailored to specific tasks, enabling organizations to achieve significant efficiencies and effectiveness in model training and deployment.
Merged LLMs are the future, and we’re exploring how with Mark McQuade and Charles Goddard from Arcee AI on this episode with Jon Krohn. Learn how to combine multiple LLMs without adding bulk, train more efficiently, and dive into different expert approaches. Discover how smaller models can outperform larger ones and leverage open-source projects for big enterprise wins. This episode is packed with must-know insights for data scientists and ML engineers. Don’t miss out!
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In this episode you will learn:
• Explanation of Charles' job title: Chief of Frontier Research [03:31]
• Model Merging Technology combining multiple LLMs without increasing size [04:43]
• Using MergeKit for model merging [14:49]
• Evolutionary Model Merging using evolutionary algorithms [22:55]
• Commercial applications and success stories [28:10]
• Comparison of Mixture of Experts (MoE) vs. Mixture of Agents [37:57]
• Spectrum Project for efficient training by targeting specific modules [54:28]
• Future of Small Language Models (SLMs) and their advantages [01:01:22]