Noam Chomsky on Identity Politics, Free Speech, and China (from 2021)
Dec 28, 2024
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In a thought-provoking conversation, Noam Chomsky, professor emeritus of linguistics and a vocal critic of U.S. foreign policy, joins Yascha Mounk to delve into pressing issues. They explore the theory of universal grammar and how it relates to our understanding of language and cognition. Chomsky critiques identity politics within the left, emphasizing the need for unity in struggles against systemic oppression. The discussion also tackles the intricacies of free speech and cancel culture, and Chomsky addresses the ethical challenges posed by China's rise and U.S. foreign policies.
Chomsky argues that while identity politics have significant merit, they risk overshadowing traditional class-based leftist principles in contemporary movements.
The discussion highlights the importance of cooperation with global powers like China to address urgent issues like climate change and pandemics.
Deep dives
Universal Grammar and Human Nature
The conversation delves into Noam Chomsky's theory of universal grammar, which asserts a unique linguistic faculty inherent in humans. This faculty allows infants to swiftly acquire language, regardless of their cultural background, challenging the notion of a 'blank slate' where culture solely dictates language acquisition. Chomsky emphasizes that all humans share this built-in capacity for language, which imposes limits on how language can vary across cultures. The discussion highlights the implications of universal grammar on understanding human nature and the constraints it suggests regarding psychological variation.
Identity Politics and Its Evolution
Chomsky discusses the shift in leftist politics towards identity politics over the past several decades, noting that traditional leftist ideals were once focused on universalism and class issues. He argues that while the rise of identity groups advocating for their rights is significant, it does not necessarily reflect a true leftist agenda as it often dissociates from class-based concerns. The critique centers on the historical acceptance of white and male supremacy as the norm, leading to a new dynamic where marginalized groups seek recognition and rights. Chomsky insists that true leftist principles should prioritize class struggles alongside addressing identity issues without conflating them.
The Role of Language in Political Movements
The podcast explores the role of language and terminology in shaping political movements and societal perceptions. Chomsky examines contemporary changes such as gender-neutral language and inclusive terms like Latinx, questioning their real efficacy in dismantling power structures. While acknowledging that language evolves with cultural contexts, he expresses skepticism about the extent to which linguistic reforms alone can induce systemic change. Chomsky suggests that while language is important, significant social justice requires broader, structural changes rather than merely reshaping discourse.
Challenges to Democracy and Global Relations
Chomsky paints a grim picture of the United States' democratic decline while critiquing its foreign policy and global power dynamics. He highlights the necessity for cooperation between superpowers like the U.S. and China to address global crises such as climate change and pandemics. Chomsky calls for a reevaluation of the perceived threats from China, arguing that U.S. military posturing exacerbates tensions rather than fostering collaboration. The discussion culminates in a reflection on moral responsibility, emphasizing that the U.S. should focus on its actions and their worldwide impacts, particularly regarding its policies towards nations like Cuba.
Noam Chomsky and Yascha Mounk discuss America and the world, past and present.
Noam Chomsky, professor emeritus of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has for many decades been one of the most prominent critics of U.S. foreign policy.
In a conversation from 2021, Noam Chomsky and Yascha Mounk discuss the theory of universal grammar, whether identity politics can be left-wing, and how the world should treat an ascendant China.